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heart-pod hoary-cress, heart-pod pepperweed, hoary cress, hoary pepperwort, whitetop

Habit Perennials; (rhizomatous); hirsute or glabrate. Annuals, biennials, or perennials [lianas, shrubs]; eglandular.
Stems

often simple from base, erect or decumbent basally, branched (several) distally, (0.8–)2–6.5(–9) dm.

Basal leaves

(early withered);

not rosulate;

petiole 1–4 cm;

blade obovate, spatulate, or ovate, (1.5–)3–10(–15) cm × 10–40 mm, margins sinuate to dentate or entire.

Cauline leaves

sessile;

blade ovate, elliptic, oblong, or lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, (1–)3–9(–15) cm × (5–)10–20(–50) mm, base sagittate-amplexicaul or auriculate, margins dentate or entire, (surfaces pubescent or glabrous).

petiolate or sessile;

blade base auriculate or not, margins usually entire, dentate, or pinnately divided.

Racemes

(corymbose panicles), slightly or considerably elongated in fruit;

rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight or curved, cylindrical.

ebracteate, elongated or not in fruit.

Flowers

sepals oblong to ovate, 1.5–2.5 × 0.7–1.2 mm;

petals white, obovate, (2.5–)3–4(–4.5) × (1–)1.3–2(–2.2) mm, claw 1–1.7 mm;

stamens 6;

filaments 2–3 mm, (glabrous);

anthers 0.4–0.5 mm.

actinomorphic;

sepals ascending to spreading, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white, yellow, pink, or purple [orange], claw usually present, sometimes absent, distinct;

filaments unappendaged, not winged;

pollen 3-colpate.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to horizontal, straight, (terete), 5–10(–15) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent adaxially.

Fruits

(indehiscent), cordate to subreniform, (2–)2.5–3.7(–4.3) × (3.2–)3.7–5(–5.6) mm, apically (obtuse to subacute), not winged, apical notch absent;

valves thin, smooth, reticulate-veined, glabrous;

style (0.6–)1–1.8(–2) mm.

silicles, usually dehiscent, unsegmented, usually angustiseptate, rarely terete;

ovules 2(–4) per ovary;

style distinct, obsolete, or absent;

stigma entire or, rarely, 2-lobed.

Seeds

ovate, 1.5–2.3 × 1–1.3 mm.

aseriate;

cotyledons accumbent or incumbent.

Trichomes

simple or absent.

2n

= 32, 64.

Lepidium draba

Brassicaceae tribe Lepidieae

Phenology Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Mountain slopes, roadsides, fields, agricultural lands, stream sides, disturbed grounds, pastures, waste areas
Elevation 0-3300 m (0-10800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; ON; SK; s Europe; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Distrito Federal), South America, s Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Nearly worldwide
Discussion

Although Lepidium draba is poorly established and known from old collections in the eastern part of the United States, it has become a noxious weed in several western states.

Lepidium draba and its nearest relatives, L. appelianum and L. chalepense, form a monophyletic clade most closely related to L. campestre (K. Mummenhoff et al. 2001). A. Thellung (1906) and C. L. Hitchcock (1936) correctly placed L. draba in Lepidium, as did Linnaeus. The recognition of the first three species in Cardaria and the maintenance of their nearest relative, L. campestre, in Lepidium do not make any sense on both phylogenetic and taxonomic grounds.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 4, species ca. 235 (1 genus, 42 species in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 581. FNA vol. 7, p. 569.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium Brassicaceae
Sibling taxa
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms Cardaria draba, Cochlearia draba, Nasturtium draba
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 645. (1753) de Candolle: Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 7: 240. (1821)
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