Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium tiehmii |
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lesser pepper-grass, lesser swine-cress, lesser wart-cress |
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Habit | Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. | Perennials; (caudex woody, to 1 cm diam., covered with persistent petiolar remains); glabrous throughout. |
Stems | few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1–4.5(–7) dm. |
simple from base (caudex branch), erect, branched distally, 1–7.5 dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–4(–6) cm; blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1–6(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed). |
rosulate; petiole (1.5–)2.5–10(–13) cm; blade oblong to lanceolate, (2.5–)4.5–9(–14) cm × 15–40 mm, margins entire. |
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm ×5–12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised. |
shortly petiolate; blade oblanceolate, (much smaller than basal), base attenuate-cuneate, not auriculate, margins entire. |
Racemes | elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
(paniculate), considerably elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm; petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4–0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.3–0.6 mm; anthers 0.1–0.2 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2.5–3(–4) × 1.2–1.8 mm; petals creamy white to pale yellow, obovate to oblanceolate, 4–5.5(–6.5) × 2–3.3 mm, claw 1.5–2.2 mm; stamens 6; filaments (median pairs) 3.5–4.5 mm; anthers 1–1.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4–2.5(–4) × 0.15–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. |
divaricate-ascending, straight, (terete), 8–15 × 0.4–0.5 mm. |
Fruits | schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3–1.7 × 2–2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2–0.4 mm deep; valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous; style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch. |
obovate to somewhat rhomboid, 7–11 × 5–6.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch absent; valves thin, smooth, obscurely veined; style 0.2–0.6 mm. |
Seeds | ovate, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
oblong, 3.7–4.5 × 1.6–2 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
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Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium tiehmii |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas | Rocky crevices and slopes in sagebrush communities |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 1400-1800 m (4600-5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; QC; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sinaloa), Central America (Honduras), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
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NV |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Lepidium tiehmii is known from mountain ranges in Douglas and Lyon counties. It was described and has been maintained (N. H. Holmgren 2005b) in Stroganowia, a genus now united with Lepidium (I. A. Al-Shehbaz et al. 2002) that otherwise is disjunct and restricted to the central Asian states of the Former Soviet Union and adjacent western China. In our opinion, the similarity of this species to those Asian ones formerly placed in Stroganowia is superficial and is the result of convergence rather than descent. The cotyledonary type was erroneously reported as conduplicate (R. C. Rollins 1993; N. H. Holmgren 2005b). In the several seeds that we dissected it was always incumbent. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 580. | FNA vol. 7, p. 594. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera incisa, Senebiera pinnatifida | Stroganowia tiehmii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 433. (1767): Mant Pl. 1: 92. (1767) | (Rollins) Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 9. (2002) |
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