Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium strictum |
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lesser pepper-grass, lesser swine-cress, lesser wart-cress |
peppergrass, upright pepper-weed, upright peppergrass |
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Habit | Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. | Annuals; hirsute. |
Stems | few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1–4.5(–7) dm. |
often several from base, usually ascending or decumbent to prostrate, rarely erect, branched distally, (0.4–)0.7–1.7(–2) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–4(–6) cm; blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1–6(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed). |
not rosulate; petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade 2-pinnatifid (lobes lanceolate to oblong), 1.5–5.6 cm, margins (of lobes) entire. |
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm ×5–12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised. |
shortly petiolate; blade pinnatifid, 0.8–3 cm × 0.3–8 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire. |
Racemes | elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
elongated, (dense) in fruit; rachis puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
Flowers | sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm; petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4–0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.3–0.6 mm; anthers 0.1–0.2 mm. |
sepals (persistent), oblong, 0.7–1(–1.2) × 0.3–0.4 mm; petals (rudimentary), white, linear, 0.2–0.5 × 0.05 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.5–0.8 mm; anthers 0.1–0.15 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4–2.5(–4) × 0.15–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. |
suberect and subappressed at base, recurved and becoming divaricate distally, strongly curved, (often flattened and narrowly winged), (1–)1.4–2.5(–3) × 0.2–0.4 mm, puberulent adaxially. |
Fruits | schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3–1.7 × 2–2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2–0.4 mm deep; valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous; style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch. |
ovate-orbicular to ovate, 2.5–3.3 × 2–3 mm,apically winged, apical notch 0.3–0.6 mm deep; valves (enclosing seeds), thin, smooth, reticulate-veined, glabrous or puberulent on margin; style obsolete or to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch. |
Seeds | ovate, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
oblong, 1.2–1.6 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
= 32. |
Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium strictum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas | Waste grounds, woodlands, hillsides |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; QC; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sinaloa), Central America (Honduras), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
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CA; OR; South America (Chile) [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Lepidium strictum was reported from Utah (C. L. Hitchcock 1936) and Colorado (W. A. Weber 1989), but we have been unable to verify those records. The species is easily distinguished by a combination of reticulate-veined fruits, persistent sepals, flattened and narrowly winged fruiting pedicels, and filiform nectaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 580. | FNA vol. 7, p. 593. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera incisa, Senebiera pinnatifida | L. oxycarpum var. strictum, L. reticulatum |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 433. (1767): Mant Pl. 1: 92. (1767) | (S. Watson) Rattan ex B. L. Robinson: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1,1): 129. (1895) |
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