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lesser pepper-grass, lesser swine-cress, lesser wart-cress

lepidium oblongum, veiny pepper grass, veiny pepper-weed

Habit Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. Annuals; hirsute (trichomes cylindrical).
Stems

few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1–4.5(–7) dm.

often several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, (5–)1–2.4(–3.2) dm.

Basal leaves

(soon withered);

not rosulate;

petiole 0.5–4(–6) cm;

blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1–6(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed).

not rosulate;

petiole (0.5–)1–3 cm;

blade 1- or 2-pinnatifid, 0.7–3.5 cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate.

Cauline leaves

shortly petiolate to subsessile;

blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm ×5–12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised.

usually sessile, rarely shortly petiolate;

blade obovate to oblanceolate (in outline), 0.8–2 cm × 2–9 mm, base cuneate, auriculate or not, margins dentate to laciniate or pinnatifid.

Racemes

elongated in fruit;

rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical.

elongated in fruit;

rachis hirsute, trichomes mostly straight, cylindrical.

Flowers

sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm;

petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4–0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent;

stamens 2, median;

filaments 0.3–0.6 mm;

anthers 0.1–0.2 mm.

sepals (tardily deciduous to somewhat persistent), ovate to broadly oblong, 0.7–1 × 0.4–0.6 mm;

petals (absent or rudimentary), white, linear-oblanceolate, 0.1–0.7 × 0.05–0.15 mm, claw absent;

stamens 2, median;

filaments 0.7–1 mm;

anthers 0.15–0.2 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4–2.5(–4) × 0.15–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially.

divaricate to horizontal, usually slightly recurved, rarely straight, (terete), 2–3.5(–5) × 0.2–0.3 mm, puberulent adaxially or, rarely, throughout.

Fruits

schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3–1.7 × 2–2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2–0.4 mm deep;

valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous;

style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch.

orbicular to broadly obovate or elliptic, 2.2–3.5 × 2–3 mm, apically winged, apical notch 0.2–0.3 mm deep;

valves thin, smooth, not veined, glabrous or sparsely puberulent (along margin);

style to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch.

Seeds

ovate, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm.

ovate, 1.2–1.6 × 0.7–1 mm.

2n

= 32.

Lepidium didymum

Lepidium oblongum

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jul. Flowering Mar–Aug.
Habitat Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas Prairies, pastures, floodplains, waste grounds, llanos, disturbed areas, roadsides, flats, calcareous sand, alluvial terraces
Elevation 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) 0-1200 m (0-3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; QC; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sinaloa), Central America (Honduras), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; KS; LA; MO; MS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamascaltepec, Veracruz); Central America (El Salvador, Guatemala)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Hitchcock distinguished var. insulare from var. oblongum on the basis of having fruits smaller (2–2.5 versus 2.5–3 mm) and rotund to obovate (versus elliptic or obovate-elliptic) and fruiting pedicels puberulent (versus glabrous) abaxially. The shape and size of fruits almost never covary, and some of the insular plants (e.g., Trask 28, GH) have the largest fruits; some populations from Arizona, Oklahoma, and Texas have smaller and perfectly orbicular fruits. As for the pubescence of fruiting pedicels, some of the inland plants cited by Hitchcock as L. oblongum (e.g., Brewer 27, GH) have pedicels pubescent abaxially.

A recent report of Lepidium bonariense naturalized in Skagit County, Washington, was based on misidentified L. oblongum; all the vouchers for it belong to the latter species. Lepidium oblongum often has several stems from base, usually auriculate distalmost leaves, and fruits 2–3 mm wide. By contrast, L. bonariense has single stems from base, non-auriculate distalmost leaves, and fruits 2.7–3.5 mm wide.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 580. FNA vol. 7, p. 588.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium
Sibling taxa
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
Synonyms Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera incisa, Senebiera pinnatifida L. greenei, L. oblongum var. insulare
Name authority Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 433. (1767): Mant Pl. 1: 92. (1767) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 468, 1331. (1903)
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