Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium latifolium |
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lesser pepper-grass, lesser swine-cress, lesser wart-cress |
broad-leaf pepper-grass, broad-leaf pepper-weed, broad-leaf pepperwort, dittander, perennial pepper-weed |
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Habit | Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. | Perennials; (rhizomes thick, caudex woody); glabrous or pubescent. |
Stems | few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1–4.5(–7) dm. |
simple from base, erect, branched distally, (2–)3.5–12(–15) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–4(–6) cm; blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1–6(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed). |
not rosulate; petiole 1–9(–14) cm; blade elliptic-ovate to oblong, (2–)3.5–15(–25) cm × (5–)15–50(–80) mm, (leathery), margins entire or serrate. |
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm ×5–12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised. |
sessile or shortly petiolate; blade oblong to elliptic-ovate or lanceolate, (1–)2–9(–12) cm × 3–45 mm, base cuneate, not auriculate, margins serrate or entire. |
Racemes | elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
(subcorymbose panicles), slightly elongated or not in fruit; rachis glabrous or sparsely puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
Flowers | sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm; petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4–0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.3–0.6 mm; anthers 0.1–0.2 mm. |
sepals suborbicular to ovate, 1–1.4 × 0.8–0.9 mm; petals white, obovate, 1.8–2.5 × (0.8–)1–1.3 mm, claw 0.7–1 mm; stamens 6; filaments 0.9–1.4 mm, (glabrous); anthers 0.4–0.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4–2.5(–4) × 0.15–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. |
ascending to divaricate, straight or slightly curved, (terete), 2–5(–6) × 0.1–0.2 mm, glabrous or puberulent adaxially. |
Fruits | schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3–1.7 × 2–2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2–0.4 mm deep; valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous; style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch. |
oblong-elliptic to broadly ovate or suborbicular, (1.6–)1.8–2.4(–2.7) × 1.3–1.8 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0(–0.1) mm deep; valves thin, smooth, not veined, glabrous or sparsely pilose; style 0.05–0.15 mm, exserted beyond apical notch (when present). |
Seeds | ovate, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
oblong, (0.8–)1–1.2 × 0.6–0.9 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
= 24. |
Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium latifolium |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas | Pastures, grasslands, disturbed places, fields, roadsides, slopes, saline meadows, stream banks, waste grounds, dry flats, sagebrush and pinyon-juniper communities, barren hillsides, ditch banks, edge of marshes |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 0-2500 m (0-8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; QC; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sinaloa), Central America (Honduras), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
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AZ; CA; CO; CT; ID; IL; KS; MA; MO; MT; NE; NM; NV; NY; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; QC; s Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Durango, San Luis Potosí), Australia]
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 580. | FNA vol. 7, p. 585. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera incisa, Senebiera pinnatifida | Cardaria latifolia |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 433. (1767): Mant Pl. 1: 92. (1767) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 644. (1753) |
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