Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium austrinum |
|
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lesser pepper-grass, lesser swine-cress, lesser wart-cress |
southern pepperweed, southern pepperwort |
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Habit | Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. | Annuals or biennials; often densely hirsute, (trichomes cylindrical). |
Stems | few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1–4.5(–7) dm. |
often simple from base, erect, branched distally, (1.5–)2–6.7(–9.4) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–4(–6) cm; blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1–6(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed). |
(later withered); rosulate; petiole (0.7–)1.5–4.5 cm; blade pinnatifid, 2–8.3 cm × 9–26 mm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate. |
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm ×5–12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised. |
shortly petiolate; blade oblanceolate to nearly linear, 1–4.5(–6.2) cm × 3–10(–17) mm, base attenuate to cuneate, not auriculate, margins entire or dentate. |
Racemes | elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
much-elongated in fruit; rachis pubescent, trichomes curved, with fewer and longer, straight ones. |
Flowers | sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm; petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4–0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.3–0.6 mm; anthers 0.1–0.2 mm. |
sepals oblong, 0.8–1 × 0.2–0.4 mm; petals (sometimes absent), white, oblanceolate, 0.4–1.6 × 0.1–0.8 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.8–1 mm; anthers 0.1–0.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4–2.5(–4) × 0.15–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. |
usually divaricate, rarely horizontal, straight or slightly recurved, (terete), (2.5–)3–4.1(–4.7) × 0.2 mm, puberulent adaxially. |
Fruits | schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3–1.7 × 2–2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2–0.4 mm deep; valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous; style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch. |
elliptic-obovate to obovate-orbicular, 2.4–3.2 × 1.8–2.5 mm, apically winged, apical notch 0.2–0.5 mm deep; valves thin, smooth, not veined, sparsely puberulent, (trichomes often antrorsely appressed, sometimes restricted to margin); style 0.05–0.1 mm, included in apical notch. |
Seeds | ovate, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
ovate, 1.4–1.6 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
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Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium austrinum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas | Disturbed grounds, railroad tracks and embankments, fields, knolls, stream banks, waste areas, open banks, roadsides, sandy terraces |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; QC; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sinaloa), Central America (Honduras), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
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KS; LA; MS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí)
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 580. | FNA vol. 7, p. 576. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera incisa, Senebiera pinnatifida | L. austrinum var. orbiculare, L. lasiocarpum var. orbiculare |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 433. (1767): Mant Pl. 1: 92. (1767) | Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 468, 1331. (1903) |
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