Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium appelianum |
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lesser pepper-grass, lesser swine-cress, lesser wart-cress |
globe-pod hoary-cress, hairy whitetop, white-top |
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Habit | Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. | Perennials; (rhizomatous); often densely hirsute. |
Stems | few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1–4.5(–7) dm. |
simple or several from base, erect or ascending, branched distally, (1–)1.5–3.5(–5) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–4(–6) cm; blade 1- or 2-pinnatisect, 1–6(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed). |
(often withered by anthesis); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm; blade obovate to oblanceolate, (1–)2–6(–7) cm × 3–20 mm, margins dentate to sinuate. |
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm ×5–12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised. |
sessile; blade oblong or lanceolate, 1–5(–8) cm × (3–)5–15(–30) mm, base sagittate, margins dentate or subentire, (surfaces pubescent). |
Racemes | elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
(usually corymbose, rarely paniculate), rarely elongated in fruit; rachis pubescent, trichomes often curved. |
Flowers | sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm; petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4–0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.3–0.6 mm; anthers 0.1–0.2 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1 mm; petals white, broadly obovate, (2.2–)2.8–4 × 1–3 mm, claw 1–1.4 mm; stamens 6; filaments 2–2.5 mm, (glabrous); anthers 0.4–0.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4–2.5(–4) × 0.15–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. |
divaricate to ascending, straight or slightly curved, (terete), 3–9(–12) × 0.2–0.3 mm, pubescent. |
Fruits | schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3–1.7 × 2–2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2–0.4 mm deep; valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous; style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch. |
(indehiscent), globose or, rarely, subglobose, (2–)3–4.4(–5) mm diam., (inflated), apically not winged, apical notch absent; valves thin, smooth, not veined, densely puberulent; style 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Seeds | ovate, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
(brown or dark brown), ovoid, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
= 16. |
Lepidium didymum |
Lepidium appelianum |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas | Roadsides, sagebrush communities, alkaline meadows, waste grounds, ditch and stream sides, fields, pastures |
Elevation | 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft) | 400-2400 m (1300-7900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; QC; South America [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sinaloa), Central America (Honduras), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
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CA; CO; ID; MI; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; PA; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; c Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, other parts of Asia]
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Discussion | Lepidium appelianum has become a noxious weed in most of its range in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 580. | FNA vol. 7, p. 576. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Carara didyma, Coronopus didymus, Senebiera didyma, Senebiera incisa, Senebiera pinnatifida | Hymenophysa pubescens, Cardaria pubescens, Cardaria pubescens var. elongata |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 433. (1767): Mant Pl. 1: 92. (1767) | Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 7. (2002) |
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