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field cress, field pepper-grass, field pepper-weed, field peppergrass pepperwort

fork pepper-grass, fork pepperweed, fork pepperwort, sharp pod pepper grass, sharp-fruit pepperweed, sharpfruit pepperwort

Habit Annuals; densely hirsute. Annuals; glabrous or puberulent.
Stems

simple from base, erect, unbranched or branched distally, (0.8–)1.2–5(–6.3) dm.

several from base, usually erect to ascending, rarely decumbent, branched, 0.4–1.5(–2) dm.

Basal leaves

rosulate;

petiole (0.5–)1.5–6 cm;

blade oblanceolate or oblong, (1–)2–6(–8) cm × 5–15 mm, margins entire, lyrate, or pinnatifid.

(soon withered);

not rosulate;

petiole 0.5–1.5(–2) cm;

blade margins entire or pinnatifid (lobes 2–5 pairs, linear to filiform), 1.5–5 cm × 0.5–2 mm.

Cauline leaves

sessile; oblong, lanceolate, or narrowly deltate-lanceolate, (0.7–)1–4(–6.5) cm × (2–)5–10(–15) mm, base sagittate or auriculate, margins dentate or subentire.

petiolate;

blade linear, 0.1–0.3 cm × 0.5–2 mm, base attenuate, not auriculate, margins entire.

Racemes

much-elongated in fruit;

rachis hirsute, trichomes spreading, straight.

considerably elongated, (lax) in fruit;

rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical.

Flowers

sepals oblong, (1–)1.3–1.8 × 0.6–0.8 mm;

petals white, spatulate, (1.5–)1.8–2.5(–3) × (0.2–)0.5–0.7 mm, claw 0.6–1 mm;

stamens 6;

filaments (1.2–)1.5–1.8(–2) mm, (glabrous);

anthers 0.3–0.5 mm.

sepals oblong, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.5 mm;

petals absent;

stamens 4, median;

filaments 0.6–0.7;

anthers ca. 0.1 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

horizontal, straight or slightly recurved, (terete), (3–)4–8(–10) × 0.3–0.4 mm, hirsute.

divaricate to horizontal or descending, usually recurved, rarely straight, (terete or slightly flattened), 2–4(–6) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or puberulent adaxially.

Fruit(s)

broadly oblong to ovate, (4–)5–6(–6.5) × (3–)4–5 mm, (curved adaxially), apically broadly winged, apical notch (0.2–)0.4–0.6 mm deep;

valves thin, papillate except for wing, not veined;

style 0.2–0.5(–0.7) mm, slightly exserted beyond, or included in, apical notch.

ovate, 2.4–3.6 × 1.8–2.5 mm, apically winged, apical notch (V-shaped), 0.3–0.8 mm deep;

valves thin, smooth, strongly reticulate-veined, glabrous;

style obsolete or to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch.

Seeds

(dark brown), ovoid, 2–2.3(–2.8) × 1–1.4 mm.

oblong, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–0.9 mm.

2n

= 16.

Lepidium campestre

Lepidium oxycarpum

Phenology Flowering May–Jun. Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Roadside, pastures, gardens, open flats, pine woodlands, rocky slopes, forests, waste grounds, disturbed areas, meadows, fields Borders of vernal pools, grassy fields, roadsides ditches, alkaline flats, margins of salt marshes
Elevation 0-2600 m (0-8500 ft) 0-400 m (0-1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, South Africa]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lepidium oxycarpum apparently did not persist in British Columbia following its introduction there over 110 years ago (G. A. Mulligan 2002b). That record is based on Macoun s.n. (GH, MO, NY, US), which was collected on 31 May 1893 from the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 577. FNA vol. 7, p. 589.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium
Sibling taxa
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
Synonyms Thlaspi campestre, Neolepia campestris Nasturtium oxycarpum
Name authority (Linnaeus) W. T. Aiton: in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew. 4: 88. (1812) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 116. (1838)
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