Lepidium campestre |
Lepidium oxycarpum |
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field cress, field pepper-grass, field pepper-weed, field peppergrass pepperwort |
fork pepper-grass, fork pepperweed, fork pepperwort, sharp pod pepper grass, sharp-fruit pepperweed, sharpfruit pepperwort |
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Habit | Annuals; densely hirsute. | Annuals; glabrous or puberulent. |
Stems | simple from base, erect, unbranched or branched distally, (0.8–)1.2–5(–6.3) dm. |
several from base, usually erect to ascending, rarely decumbent, branched, 0.4–1.5(–2) dm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate; petiole (0.5–)1.5–6 cm; blade oblanceolate or oblong, (1–)2–6(–8) cm × 5–15 mm, margins entire, lyrate, or pinnatifid. |
(soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–1.5(–2) cm; blade margins entire or pinnatifid (lobes 2–5 pairs, linear to filiform), 1.5–5 cm × 0.5–2 mm. |
Cauline leaves | sessile; oblong, lanceolate, or narrowly deltate-lanceolate, (0.7–)1–4(–6.5) cm × (2–)5–10(–15) mm, base sagittate or auriculate, margins dentate or subentire. |
petiolate; blade linear, 0.1–0.3 cm × 0.5–2 mm, base attenuate, not auriculate, margins entire. |
Racemes | much-elongated in fruit; rachis hirsute, trichomes spreading, straight. |
considerably elongated, (lax) in fruit; rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, (1–)1.3–1.8 × 0.6–0.8 mm; petals white, spatulate, (1.5–)1.8–2.5(–3) × (0.2–)0.5–0.7 mm, claw 0.6–1 mm; stamens 6; filaments (1.2–)1.5–1.8(–2) mm, (glabrous); anthers 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.5 mm; petals absent; stamens 4, median; filaments 0.6–0.7; anthers ca. 0.1 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | horizontal, straight or slightly recurved, (terete), (3–)4–8(–10) × 0.3–0.4 mm, hirsute. |
divaricate to horizontal or descending, usually recurved, rarely straight, (terete or slightly flattened), 2–4(–6) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or puberulent adaxially. |
Fruit(s) | broadly oblong to ovate, (4–)5–6(–6.5) × (3–)4–5 mm, (curved adaxially), apically broadly winged, apical notch (0.2–)0.4–0.6 mm deep; valves thin, papillate except for wing, not veined; style 0.2–0.5(–0.7) mm, slightly exserted beyond, or included in, apical notch. |
ovate, 2.4–3.6 × 1.8–2.5 mm, apically winged, apical notch (V-shaped), 0.3–0.8 mm deep; valves thin, smooth, strongly reticulate-veined, glabrous; style obsolete or to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch. |
Seeds | (dark brown), ovoid, 2–2.3(–2.8) × 1–1.4 mm. |
oblong, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–0.9 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Lepidium campestre |
Lepidium oxycarpum |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Roadside, pastures, gardens, open flats, pine woodlands, rocky slopes, forests, waste grounds, disturbed areas, meadows, fields | Borders of vernal pools, grassy fields, roadsides ditches, alkaline flats, margins of salt marshes |
Elevation | 0-2600 m (0-8500 ft) | 0-400 m (0-1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, South Africa]
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CA
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Discussion | Lepidium oxycarpum apparently did not persist in British Columbia following its introduction there over 110 years ago (G. A. Mulligan 2002b). That record is based on Macoun s.n. (GH, MO, NY, US), which was collected on 31 May 1893 from the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 577. | FNA vol. 7, p. 589. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Thlaspi campestre, Neolepia campestris | Nasturtium oxycarpum |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) W. T. Aiton: in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew. 4: 88. (1812) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 116. (1838) |
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