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beach or maritime or sand pea, beach pea, beach vetchling, maritime pea, sea pea, seaside pea

Habit Herbs perennial, from rhizome, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Herbs perennial, from rhizome.
Stems

angled to narrowly winged, erect, sprawling, or climbing, basally branched 0–4 times, 1–10 dm.

angled, erect or sprawling, basally branched 0–2 times, 1.5–3 dm.

Leaves

3–15 cm;

tendrils usually well developed, branched or unbranched;

stipules sagittate-ovate, 7–35 × 7–30 mm, as large as basal leaflets;

leaflets 6–12, usually scattered, blades ovate to lanceolate, 15–55 × 5–35 mm, surfaces glabrous throughout or pubescent abaxially.

1–4 cm;

tendrils bristlelike, usually less than 1 cm;

stipules linear to lanceolate, 10–30 × 1–5 mm, nearly equal to leaflets;

leaflets 8–12, often paired, blades lanceolate to linear, 10–35 × 1–5 mm, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

Inflorescences

4–9-flowered, 4–15 cm.

2–6-flowered, 4–11 cm.

Flowers

12–29 mm;

calyx lobes unequal, lateral lobes linear-triangular, longer than tube;

corolla blue to purple, banner erect, blade longer than claw, wings equal to keel;

ovary eglandular and glandular-pubescent.

16–22 mm;

calyx lobes subequal, lateral lobes deltate, shorter than tube;

corolla usually violet to magenta, sometimes white, banner erect, blade longer than claw, wings 4–5 mm longer than keel;

ovary glabrous.

Legumes

35–65 × 6–12 mm.

35–50 × 8–12 mm, stipitate.

Lathyrus japonicus

Lathyrus decaphyllus

Distribution
from USDA
North America; Eurasia [Introduced in s South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
wc United States
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Within Lathyrus japonicus, in the narrow sense, there is a south to north reduction in plant size, including plant height, robustness, and leaflet size, but not flower size, flower number, or fruit size. On the east coast of North America this shift seems fairly abrupt, giving the appearance of a clear distinction between var. maritimus and var. pellitus in the south, and var. japonicus to the north in Labrador and Greenland. However, on the West Coast, there are few truly pubescent forms (var. pellitus), and there seem to be many more intermediates between var. maritimus in the south and var. japonicus to the north.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems 1–3.5 dm; leaflet blades 15–35 mm; tendrils unbranched, less than 3 cm.
var. japonicus
1. Stems 3–10 dm; leaflet blades 30–50(–55) mm; tendrils branched, 3+ cm.
→ 2
2. Leaflet blades glabrous.
var. maritimus
2. Leaflet blades pubescent abaxially (especially new growth).
var. pellitus
1. Herbs mostly glabrous.
var. decaphyllus
1. Herbs sparsely to densely villous.
var. incanus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lathyrus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lathyrus
Sibling taxa
L. angulatus, L. aphaca, L. biflorus, L. brachycalyx, L. brownii, L. cicera, L. decaphyllus, L. delnorticus, L. eucosmus, L. glandulosus, L. graminifolius, L. grimesii, L. hirsutus, L. hitchcockianus, L. holochlorus, L. jepsonii, L. laetivirens, L. lanszwertii, L. latifolius, L. littoralis, L. nevadensis, L. nissolia, L. ochroleucus, L. odoratus, L. palustris, L. pauciflorus, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rigidus, L. sphaericus, L. splendens, L. sulphureus, L. sylvestris, L. tingitanus, L. torreyi, L. tracyi, L. tuberosus, L. venosus, L. vestitus
L. angulatus, L. aphaca, L. biflorus, L. brachycalyx, L. brownii, L. cicera, L. delnorticus, L. eucosmus, L. glandulosus, L. graminifolius, L. grimesii, L. hirsutus, L. hitchcockianus, L. holochlorus, L. japonicus, L. jepsonii, L. laetivirens, L. lanszwertii, L. latifolius, L. littoralis, L. nevadensis, L. nissolia, L. ochroleucus, L. odoratus, L. palustris, L. pauciflorus, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rigidus, L. sphaericus, L. splendens, L. sulphureus, L. sylvestris, L. tingitanus, L. torreyi, L. tracyi, L. tuberosus, L. venosus, L. vestitus
Subordinate taxa
L. japonicus var. japonicus, L. japonicus var. maritimus, L. japonicus var. pellitus
L. decaphyllus var. decaphyllus, L. decaphyllus var. incanus
Name authority Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1092. (1802) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 471. (1813)
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