Laguncularia racemosa |
Laguncularia |
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white mangrove |
laguncularia |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees to 10(–20) m. Leaves: petiole 6–15 mm; blade ovate to obovate, oblong, or suborbiculate, 2–9.7 × 1.4–5 cm, base obtuse to rounded, folded longitudinally when young, with a faint longitudinal line each side of midvein in age. | Shrubs or trees, often with ± erect pneumatophores. |
Stems | erect, equal; twigs glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs short, combretaceous. |
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Leaves | persistent, opposite and decussate; stipules absent; petiole not differentiated proximally and no part of it persistent, nectar glands conspicuous; blade fleshy-leathery, venation brochidodromous, apex obtuse, rounded, or retuse, surfaces often appearing glabrous, but with minute, scattered, salt-excreting glandular hairs, these sunken and similar in form to domatial glands; with pit-domatia abaxially at junction of secondary and lower order veins, each containing a basal gland. |
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Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, spikes or panicles; bracteoles present. |
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Spikes | (or spicate units of panicles), 2–13 cm. |
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Flowers | sepals 1 mm; stamens 1.5–2 mm; style 1–2 mm. |
inconspicuous, bisexual or staminate on different plants; hypanthium shallowly cupulate, free portion 1.3–2.5 mm, densely pubescent abaxially; sepals 5, green, triangular, pubescent abaxially; petals 5, greenish white, orbiculate, 1–1.3 mm, apex rounded to obtuse, pubescent (especially marginally); stamens 10, ± included; nectary disc atop ovary, pubescent; ovary somewhat flattened; style straight, free from hypanthium, with well-developed pistillode in staminate flowers; ovules 2. |
Drupes | greenish or gray-green [reddish green], 13–20 × 5–9 mm, pubescent [glabrous]. |
slightly flattened, oblong to obovoid, slightly ridged; with 2 major ridges, those subtending bracteoles better developed than others and forming spongy wings; hypanthium and calyx persistent. |
Laguncularia racemosa |
Laguncularia |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | |
Habitat | Tidal swamps, mangrove communities. | |
Elevation | 0 m. (0 ft.) | |
Distribution |
FL; TX; e Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; w Africa
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e Mexico; Central America; South America; s United States; West Indies; w Africa; tropical and subtropical mangrove habitats |
Discussion | Laguncularia racemosa is an important component of mangrove swamps in central and southern Florida (extending northward to Levy County on the Gulf Coast and to Volusia County on the Atlantic Coast); it also recently has been reported from Willacy County, Texas. The species is occasionally cultivated as an ornamental tree or shrub in coastal situations. The flowers are quite fragrant and are pollinated by bees. The fruits are semiviviparous, the green embryo piercing the seed coat while the fruit is still on the tree. Some populations have some plants with bisexual flowers and others with staminate flowers, while in others all flowers are bisexual. The frequency of staminate plants in Florida is variable (0–68%). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 1. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Combretaceae > Laguncularia | Combretaceae |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Conocarpus racemosus | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) C. F. Gaertner: Suppl. Carp., 209. (1807) | C. F. Gaertner: Suppl. Carp., 209, plate 217, fig. 3. (1807) |
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