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bitter lettuce, great lettuce, poison wild lettuce, tall lettuce, wild lettuce

cultivated lettuce, garden lettuce

Habit Biennials, 20–120(–200+) cm. Annuals or biennials, (15–)30–70(–100+) cm.
Leaves

on proximal 1/2–2/3 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves obovate to spatulate, margins denticulate, midribs usually prickly-setose.

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to orbiculate, margins entire or denticulate, seldom prickly, midribs rarely prickly-setose.

Involucres

12–15 mm.

8–13+ mm.

Florets

10–15;

corollas yellow, usually deliquescent.

7–15(–30+);

corollas yellow (sometimes streaked with violet), usually deliquescent.

Phyllaries

usually reflexed in fruit.

usually erect in fruit.

Heads

in paniculiform arrays.

usually in corymbiform, sometimes in paniculiform, arrays.

Cypselae

bodies purplish to blackish, ± flattened, ± elliptic, 3.5–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 2.5–3.5 mm, faces 5–7-nerved;

pappi white, 5–6 mm.

bodies pale grayish to whitish or tan, ± flattened, obovate, 3–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 3–5 mm, faces 5–9-nerved;

pappi white, 3.5–4+ mm.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Lactuca virosa

Lactuca sativa

Phenology Flowering May, Oct. Flowering mostly Jul–Sep.
Habitat Disturbed sites Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings
Elevation 10–400 m (0–1300 ft) 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; DC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico; introduced or ephemeral nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 262. FNA vol. 19, p. 263.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca
Sibling taxa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. sativa, L. serriola
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. serriola, L. virosa
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753)
Web links