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prickly lettuce

cultivated lettuce, garden lettuce

Habit Annuals (perhaps persisting), (15–)30–70(–100+) cm. Annuals or biennials, (15–)30–70(–100+) cm.
Leaves

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves usually ± oblong, sometimes obovate to lanceolate, margins denticulate, usually prickly, midribs usually prickly-setose, rarely smooth.

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to orbiculate, margins entire or denticulate, seldom prickly, midribs rarely prickly-setose.

Involucres

9–10(–12) mm.

8–13+ mm.

Florets

12–20;

corollas yellow, usually deliquescent.

7–15(–30+);

corollas yellow (sometimes streaked with violet), usually deliquescent.

Phyllaries

usually reflexed in fruit.

usually erect in fruit.

Heads

in paniculiform arrays.

usually in corymbiform, sometimes in paniculiform, arrays.

Cypselae

bodies pale grayish to tan, ± flattened, oblanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm, beaks ± filiform, 2.5–4 mm, faces (3–)5–9-nerved;

pappi white, (3–)4–5 mm.

bodies pale grayish to whitish or tan, ± flattened, obovate, 3–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 3–5 mm, faces 5–9-nerved;

pappi white, 3.5–4+ mm.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Lactuca serriola

Lactuca sativa

Phenology Flowering (May–)Jul–Sep(–Oct). Flowering mostly Jul–Sep.
Habitat Roadsides, disturbed sites Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings
Elevation 10–2300 m (0–7500 ft) 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America; also introduced nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico; introduced or ephemeral nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Lactuca scariola Linnaeus is evidently illegitimate; it is a superfluous name based on the same type as L. serriola. Plants included here in L. serriola with most leaf blades obovate to lanceolate (not lobed) and lacking prickles on midribs have been called L. scariola subsp. or var. integrata or L. serriola forma integrifolia or L. serriola var. integrata.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 262. FNA vol. 19, p. 263.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca
Sibling taxa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. sativa, L. virosa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. serriola, L. virosa
Name authority Linnaeus: Cent. Pl. II, 29. (1756) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753)
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