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cultivated lettuce, garden lettuce

prickly lettuce

Habit Annuals or biennials, (15–)30–70(–100+) cm. Annuals (perhaps persisting), (15–)30–70(–100+) cm.
Leaves

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to orbiculate, margins entire or denticulate, seldom prickly, midribs rarely prickly-setose.

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves usually ± oblong, sometimes obovate to lanceolate, margins denticulate, usually prickly, midribs usually prickly-setose, rarely smooth.

Involucres

8–13+ mm.

9–10(–12) mm.

Florets

7–15(–30+);

corollas yellow (sometimes streaked with violet), usually deliquescent.

12–20;

corollas yellow, usually deliquescent.

Phyllaries

usually erect in fruit.

usually reflexed in fruit.

Heads

usually in corymbiform, sometimes in paniculiform, arrays.

in paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

bodies pale grayish to whitish or tan, ± flattened, obovate, 3–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 3–5 mm, faces 5–9-nerved;

pappi white, 3.5–4+ mm.

bodies pale grayish to tan, ± flattened, oblanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm, beaks ± filiform, 2.5–4 mm, faces (3–)5–9-nerved;

pappi white, (3–)4–5 mm.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Lactuca sativa

Lactuca serriola

Phenology Flowering mostly Jul–Sep. Flowering (May–)Jul–Sep(–Oct).
Habitat Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings Roadsides, disturbed sites
Elevation 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft) 10–2300 m (0–7500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico; introduced or ephemeral nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America; also introduced nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Lactuca scariola Linnaeus is evidently illegitimate; it is a superfluous name based on the same type as L. serriola. Plants included here in L. serriola with most leaf blades obovate to lanceolate (not lobed) and lacking prickles on midribs have been called L. scariola subsp. or var. integrata or L. serriola forma integrifolia or L. serriola var. integrata.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 263. FNA vol. 19, p. 262.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca
Sibling taxa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. serriola, L. virosa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. sativa, L. virosa
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753) Linnaeus: Cent. Pl. II, 29. (1756)
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