Lactuca sativa |
Lactuca biennis |
|
---|---|---|
cultivated lettuce, garden lettuce |
biennial wild lettuce, tall blue lettuce, wild blue lettuce |
|
Habit | Annuals or biennials, (15–)30–70(–100+) cm. | Annuals or biennials, (15–)75–200(–300+) cm. |
Leaves | on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem; blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to orbiculate, margins entire or denticulate, seldom prickly, midribs rarely prickly-setose. |
on proximal 2/3–3/4 of each stem; blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to lanceolate, margins entire or denticulate, midribs sometimes sparsely piloso-setose. |
Involucres | 8–13+ mm. |
7–12+ mm. |
Florets | 7–15(–30+); corollas yellow (sometimes streaked with violet), usually deliquescent. |
(15–)20–30(–50+); corollas bluish or whitish, sometimes yellowish, seldom deliquescent. |
Phyllaries | usually erect in fruit. |
usually reflexed in fruit. |
Heads | usually in corymbiform, sometimes in paniculiform, arrays. |
in paniculiform arrays. |
Cypselae | bodies pale grayish to whitish or tan, ± flattened, obovate, 3–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 3–5 mm, faces 5–9-nerved; pappi white, 3.5–4+ mm. |
bodies brown (often mottled), ± compressed-ellipsoid, 4–5+ mm, beaks ± stout, 0.1–0.5+ mm, faces (4–)5–6-nerved; pappi ± fuscous, 4–6+ mm. |
2n | = 18. |
= 34. |
Lactuca sativa |
Lactuca biennis |
|
Phenology | Flowering mostly Jul–Sep. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings | Swamps, stream banks, woods |
Elevation | 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft) | 900–1500 m (3000–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico; introduced or ephemeral nearly worldwide]
|
AK; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM
|
Discussion | The type of Lactuca terrae-novae Fernald is probably conspecific with that of L. biennis. The type of L. biennis may be conspecific with that of L. floridana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 263. | FNA vol. 19, p. 261. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Sonchus biennis | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753) | (Moench) Fernald: Rhodora 42: 300. (1940) |
Web links |
|