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cultivated lettuce, garden lettuce

Florida lettuce, woodland lettuce

Habit Annuals or biennials, (15–)30–70(–100+) cm. Annuals or biennials, 25–150(–200+) cm.
Leaves

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to orbiculate, margins entire or denticulate, seldom prickly, midribs rarely prickly-setose.

on proximal 2/3–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves oblong, ovate, or elliptic, margins entire or denticulate, midribs sometimes sparsely pilose.

Involucres

8–13+ mm.

(8–)10–12+ mm.

Florets

7–15(–30+);

corollas yellow (sometimes streaked with violet), usually deliquescent.

10–15(–25+);

corollas bluish or whitish, seldom deliquescent.

Phyllaries

usually erect in fruit.

usually reflexed in fruit.

Heads

usually in corymbiform, sometimes in paniculiform, arrays.

in (± pyramidal) paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

bodies pale grayish to whitish or tan, ± flattened, obovate, 3–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 3–5 mm, faces 5–9-nerved;

pappi white, 3.5–4+ mm.

bodies brown (often mottled), ± compressed-lanceoloid to -fusiform, 4–5 mm, beaks ± stout, 0.1–0.5(–1) mm, faces 5–6-nerved;

pappi white, 4–5 mm.

2n

= 18.

= 34.

Lactuca sativa

Lactuca floridana

Phenology Flowering mostly Jul–Sep. Flowering (Jun–)Aug–Sep(–Oct).
Habitat Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings Moist to wet places, margins of thickets and woods
Elevation 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft) 10–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico; introduced or ephemeral nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; MB; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The “double” pappi of Lactuca floridana (and L. biennis) are very similar to pappi found in species assigned to Cicerbita Wallroth (ca. 35 spp., Europe, Asia, Africa). Return of the species to Cicerbita as C. floridana (Linnaeus) Wallroth may have merit.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 263. FNA vol. 19, p. 261.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca
Sibling taxa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. serriola, L. virosa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. sativa, L. serriola, L. virosa
Synonyms Sonchus floridanus, L. floridana var. villosa, Mulgedium floridanum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753) (Linnaeus) Gaertner: Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 362. (1791)
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