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Canada lettuce, Canada wild lettuce, Canadian wild lettuce, Florida blue lettuce, tall lettuce, wild lettuce

cultivated lettuce, garden lettuce

Habit Biennials, (15–)40–200(–450+) cm. Annuals or biennials, (15–)30–70(–100+) cm.
Leaves

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves oblong, obovate, or lanceolate to spatulate or lance-linear, margins entire or denticulate, midribs sometimes sparsely pilose.

on proximal 1/2–3/4 of each stem;

blades of undivided cauline leaves ovate to orbiculate, margins entire or denticulate, seldom prickly, midribs rarely prickly-setose.

Involucres

10–12+ mm.

8–13+ mm.

Florets

15–20+;

corollas bluish or yellowish, usually deliquescent.

7–15(–30+);

corollas yellow (sometimes streaked with violet), usually deliquescent.

Phyllaries

usually reflexed in fruit.

usually erect in fruit.

Heads

in ± corymbiform to paniculiform arrays.

usually in corymbiform, sometimes in paniculiform, arrays.

Cypselae

bodies brown (often mottled), ± flattened, elliptic, 5–6 mm, beaks ± filiform, 1–3 mm, faces 1(–3)-nerved;

pappi white, 5–6 mm.

bodies pale grayish to whitish or tan, ± flattened, obovate, 3–4 mm, beaks ± filiform, 3–5 mm, faces 5–9-nerved;

pappi white, 3.5–4+ mm.

2n

= 34.

= 18.

Lactuca canadensis

Lactuca sativa

Phenology Flowering Jun–Oct. Flowering mostly Jul–Sep.
Habitat Roadsides, swamps, salt marshes, thickets Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings
Elevation 0–2200 m (0–7200 ft) 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; YT; Mexico; Central America; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CA; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; VT; WA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico; introduced or ephemeral nearly worldwide]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 261. FNA vol. 19, p. 263.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Lactuca
Sibling taxa
L. biennis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. sativa, L. serriola, L. virosa
L. biennis, L. canadensis, L. floridana, L. graminifolia, L. hirsuta, L. ludoviciana, L. saligna, L. serriola, L. virosa
Synonyms L. canadensis var. latifolia, L. canadensis var. longifolia, L. canadensis var. obovata, L. sagittifolia
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 796. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 795. (1753)
Web links