Krigia dandelion |
Krigia |
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potato dwarfdandelion, potato dwarfdandelion or dandelion, tuber dandelion, tuber dwarfdandelion |
dwarf dandelion |
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Habit | Perennials, 10–50 cm; rhizomes relatively slender, fibrous-rooted, tubers overwintering, globose, 5–15 mm diam., caudices fibrous-rooted. | Annuals or perennials, 3–75 cm; taprooted, fibrous-rooted, or (in K. dandelion) with rhizomes bearing globose tubers. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | scapiform, erect, leafless and ebracteate, glabrous or minutely glandular-villous especially proximal to heads. |
1–50+, usually erect, rarely decumbent, scapiform or branched distally, glabrous or sparingly villous (proximally), glandular-villous (especially distally). |
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Leaves | basal; petioles usually broadly or narrowly winged; blades linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 6–24 cm, margins entire or remotely toothed to pinnately lobed, lobes usually entire and acute, apices acute to obtuse, faces usually glabrous, sometimes sparingly villous (glandular or eglandular, often glaucous). |
mostly basal, sometimes cauline; petiolate (petioles often winged); blades linear to lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, margins entire, denticulate, or irregularly pinnately lobed, apices acute to obtuse (faces glabrous or glandular-villous, usually glaucous in K. dandelion and K. biflora); distal cauline usually slightly reduced to bractlike. |
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Peduncles | from basal rosettes. |
not distally inflated, ebracteate (from rosettes and from axils of cauline leaves or bracts). |
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Involucres | 10–15 mm. |
turbinate to campanulate, 2–12 mm diam. |
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Receptacles | flat or low-convex, pitted, glabrous, epaleate. |
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Florets | 25–34; corollas yellow to yellow-orange, abaxially often purplish-tinged, 15–25 mm. |
5–60; corollas yellow to orange (equaling or surpassing phyllaries). |
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Phyllaries | 12–16, reflexed in fruit, linear-lanceolate, midveins obscure, apices acute. |
(4–)5–18 in 1–2 series, (sometimes reflexed in fruit) linear-lanceolate to ovate, equal, herbaceous, apices acute (faces glabrous). |
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Calyculi | 0. |
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Heads | borne singly. |
borne singly. |
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Cypselae | reddish brown, columnar, 2.5 mm, 10–15-ribbed; pappi of ca. 10, outer scales 0.5–1 mm plus 25–45, barbellulate inner bristles 5–8 mm. |
brown or reddish brown, columnar, obconic, barrel-shaped, or fusiform, not beaked, nerves or ribs 10–20, glabrous; pappi 0, or persistent, often fragile, usually in 2 series, distinct, outer of 5+, yellowish or brownish scales, inner of 5–45, barbellulate bristles (pappi 0 in K. cespitosa, 0 or 1 series of tiny scales in K. wrightii). |
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x | = (4) 5 (6, 9). |
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2n | = 60. |
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Krigia dandelion |
Krigia |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy or clay-loam soils, open mixed mesophytic and oak-hickory woods, fields, pastures, roadsides | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 10–500 m (0–1600 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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North America; ne Mexico |
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Discussion | Krigia dandelion is known from the Eastern deciduous forest biome and tallgrass prairies. It is unique in propagating extensively by means of tubers. These were well described by T. Holm (1891). All chromosome counts to date have shown 2n = 60, the duodecaploid number based on x = 5. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 7 (7 in the flora). Krigia is diverse and limited to North America. On molecular evidence, it stands apart from other clades of Cichorieae and is best placed as a monotypic subtribe (J. Lee et al. 2003; Lee and B. G. Baldwin 2004). Early studies classified the pappose and epappose species as different genera. A unified view of the genus was taken by L. H. Shinners (1947), and this has been supported by recent morphologic and molecular studies (K. J. Kim and T. J. Mabry 1991; Kim and B. L. Turner 1992; Kim et al. 1992b, 1992c; Kim and R. K. Jansen 1994). The most common base number is x = 5, with lower and higher numbers having arisen through dysploidy, autoploidy, and both ancient and recent alloploidy (K. L. Chambers 1965, 2004; A. S. Tomb et al. 1978; C. C. Chinnappa 1981; Kim and Turner). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 364. | FNA vol. 19, p. 362. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Krigia | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Leontodon dandelion, Cynthia dandelion | Apogon, Cymbia, Cynthia, Serinia, Troximon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 127. (1818) | Schreber: Gen. Pl. 2: 532. (1791) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |