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bog, bog American-laurel, bog-laurel, mountain laurel, pale laurel, swamp, swamp laurel

mountain American-laurel, mountain laurel

Habit Shrubs erect, to 1 m. Twigs slightly flattened, 2-angled, viscid, glabrous or puberulent in decurrent, ciliolate lines from petiole base. Shrubs or, rarely, trees, erect, (1–)2–8(–12) m. Twigs terete, viscid, stipitate-glandular, glabrescent.
Leaves

opposite;

petiole 0.1–3 mm, glabrous or puberulent (base ciliate);

blade usually oblong to linear, sometimes oval, 1.5–4.5 × 0.3–1.5 cm, margins usually revolute, apex obtuse to acute, abaxial surface puberulent, adaxial glabrate with puberulent bands on either side of midrib, midribs on both surfaces covered with purple, clavate trichomes.

alternate (seemingly whorled on slow-growing twigs);

petiole 10–30 mm, glabrous or puberulent, sometimes stipitate-glandular;

blade elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4–12 × 1.5–5 cm, margins plane, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular, glabrescent abaxially, glabrous, midrib puberulent adaxially.

Inflorescences

solitary flowers or terminal, corymbiform racemes, 3–8(–17)-flowered.

terminal, panicles, (12–)20–40-flowered.

Pedicels

15–30 mm.

20–40 mm.

Flowers

sepals pale, translucent, white to light pink, ovate, 2.9–4 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous, margins ciliate;

petals connate their entire lengths, usually rose-purple or pink, rarely white, 9–11 × 12–18 mm, glabrous except puberulent near base abaxially;

filaments 4–5 mm;

style 4.5–7 mm.

sepals green to reddish, usually oblong, 3–3.5 mm, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or stipitate-glandular;

petals connate nearly their entire lengths, usually pink (ranging from deep red to white) with purple spots around each anther pocket, 20–25 × 15–30 mm, abaxial surface usually lightly stipitate-glandular, adaxial puberulent;

filaments 4–5 mm;

style 10–18 mm.

Capsules

5-locular, 4–6 × 4–7 mm, glabrous.

5-locular, 3–5 × 4–7 mm, stipitate-glandular.

Seeds

winged, oblong, 1.5–2.2 mm.

winged, obovoid and curved, 0.5–1 mm.

2n

= 48.

= 24.

Kalmia polifolia

Kalmia latifolia

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Open bogs, swamps, wet alpine slopes Rocky or sandy hardwood forests on mountain slopes, stream bluffs, ravines, or in pure, dense thickets
Elevation 0-800 m (0-2600 ft) 0-1900 m (0-6200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; AB; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK [Introduced in Europe (England)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV [Introduced in Europe (England)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Kalmia polifolia is very closely related to K. microphylla and there is no general agreement on their taxonomic treatment. The two taxa have different flavonoid profiles and are distinctly separated (S. Liu 1993). The controversial Pacific lowland (Washington to Alaska) entity occidentalis resembles K. polifolia in structure; it is closely related to typical microphylla chemically and is separable from K. polifolia by key characters.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Kalmia latifolia is a showy and beautiful American indigenous plant. E. S. Rand (1871) wrote that “no words can describe the beauty of this plant on the mountains of the Middle States, where it covers acres, and sheets whole hillsides with pink and white.”

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 485. FNA vol. 8, p. 482.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Kalmia Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Kalmia
Sibling taxa
K. angustifolia, K. buxifolia, K. cuneata, K. hirsuta, K. latifolia, K. microphylla, K. procumbens
K. angustifolia, K. buxifolia, K. cuneata, K. hirsuta, K. microphylla, K. polifolia, K. procumbens
Synonyms K. glauca Chamaedaphne latifolia, K. latifolia var. laevipes
Name authority Wangenheim: Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 8(3): 130, plate 5. 1788 , Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 391. 1753 ,
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