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mountain American-laurel, mountain laurel

hairy laurel, hairy mountain-laurel, sandhill laurel

Habit Shrubs or, rarely, trees, erect, (1–)2–8(–12) m. Twigs terete, viscid, stipitate-glandular, glabrescent. Shrubs spreading to erect, 0.3–0.6(–1.2) m. Twigs terete, viscid, puberulent, densely hispid.
Leaves

alternate (seemingly whorled on slow-growing twigs);

petiole 10–30 mm, glabrous or puberulent, sometimes stipitate-glandular;

blade elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4–12 × 1.5–5 cm, margins plane, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular, glabrescent abaxially, glabrous, midrib puberulent adaxially.

alternate;

petiole 0.1–1 mm, hirsute-puberulent;

blade elliptic to ovate, 0.5–1.4 × 0.1–0.8 cm, margins slightly revolute, apex acute, rounded-apiculate, surfaces usually puberulent, hispid, and stipitate-glandular, rarely glabrous.

Inflorescences

terminal, panicles, (12–)20–40-flowered.

axillary, scattered along stem, usually solitary flowers, sometimes fascicles or compact racemes, 2–5-flowered.

Pedicels

20–40 mm.

10–15 mm.

Flowers

sepals green to reddish, usually oblong, 3–3.5 mm, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or stipitate-glandular;

petals connate nearly their entire lengths, usually pink (ranging from deep red to white) with purple spots around each anther pocket, 20–25 × 15–30 mm, abaxial surface usually lightly stipitate-glandular, adaxial puberulent;

filaments 4–5 mm;

style 10–18 mm.

sepals tardily deciduous, green, lanceolate, 3–8 mm, apex acute, surfaces puberulent, hispid, stipitate-glandular;

petals connate their entire lengths, pink (rarely white), red near anther pockets, with ring of red spots proximal to pockets, 8–10 × 10–15 mm, usually sparsely hirsute and stipitate-glandular on keels abaxially, puberulent at base adaxially;

filaments 3–4 mm;

style 5–7.5 mm.

Capsules

5-locular, 3–5 × 4–7 mm, stipitate-glandular.

5-locular, 2–3.5 × 2–4 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular.

Seeds

winged, obovoid and curved, 0.5–1 mm.

not winged, ovoid, 0.2–0.5 mm.

2n

= 24.

= 24.

Kalmia latifolia

Kalmia hirsuta

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Rocky or sandy hardwood forests on mountain slopes, stream bluffs, ravines, or in pure, dense thickets Open sandy savannas, sand hills, and pine barrens
Elevation 0-1900 m (0-6200 ft) 0-100 m (0-300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV [Introduced in Europe (England)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Kalmia latifolia is a showy and beautiful American indigenous plant. E. S. Rand (1871) wrote that “no words can describe the beauty of this plant on the mountains of the Middle States, where it covers acres, and sheets whole hillsides with pink and white.”

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 482. FNA vol. 8, p. 483.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Kalmia Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Kalmia
Sibling taxa
K. angustifolia, K. buxifolia, K. cuneata, K. hirsuta, K. microphylla, K. polifolia, K. procumbens
K. angustifolia, K. buxifolia, K. cuneata, K. latifolia, K. microphylla, K. polifolia, K. procumbens
Synonyms Chamaedaphne latifolia, K. latifolia var. laevipes Chamaedaphne hirsuta, K. ciliata, Kalmiella hirsuta
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 391. 1753 , Walter: Fl. Carol., 138. 1788 ,
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