Juncus triglumis |
Juncus effusus |
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three-flower rush, three-hulled rush |
common bog rush, common rush, common soft rush, pasture rush, soft or lamp rush, soft rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 0.3–3.5 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 4–13 dm. | ||||
Rhizomes | short -branched, forming distinct, often large clumps. |
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Culms | 1–8, 0.3–0.5 mm diam. |
erect, terete, 1–2.5 mm diam. at top of sheaths. |
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Cataphylls | 1–2. |
several. |
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Leaves | basal, 2–4; auricles slightly prolonged, rounded, scarious to ± leathery; blade deeply channeled, 2–10 cm, mostly shorter than culms. |
blade absent. |
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Inflorescences | solitary heads, each with 2–3(–50) flowers; primary bracts brownish, nearly equal to or slightly shorter thanabout equaling inflorescence. |
lateral, compound dichasia, many flowered; primary bract erect, terete, extending well beyond dichasium. |
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Flowers | tepals pale brown or darker, oblong-lanceolate, 3–5 mm, outer and inner series nearly equal; stamens 6, filaments 2.5–4 mm, anthers 0.6–1 mm; styles 0.5–0.8 mm. |
tepals tan or darker, usually with greenish midstripe, lanceolate, 1.9–3.5 mm; inner slightly shorter; stamens 3, filaments 0.5–0.8 mm, anthers 0.5–0.8 mm; style 0.2 mm. |
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Capsules | tan, pseudo-3-locular, 3-gonous–cylindric, apex obtuse, mucronate. |
greenish tan or darker, 3-locular, broadly ellipsoid to oblate, 1.5–3.2 mm. |
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Seeds | tan or darker, fusiform, body 0.5–1 mm, tails 0.6–1 mm. |
amber, (0.3–)0.4–0.5 mm. |
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2n | = 40, 42. |
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Juncus triglumis |
Juncus effusus |
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Phenology | Flowering summer, fruiting summer–fall. | |||||
Habitat | Swamps and their edges, marshes, moist meadows, and moist or saturated soils, often conspicuous in pasture meadows where it is shunned by grazing animals | |||||
Elevation | Habitat??; 0–2500 m (Habitat??; 0–8200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MT; NM; OR; UT; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The Juncus effusus complex has been variously recognized as containing several species or a single species with numerous infraspecific taxa. Unfortunately, North American treatments have dealt primarily with taxa in either the eastern or western portions of the continent. In considering the continent as a whole, little sense can be made of these treatments. The North American J. effusus complex is one that is in obvious need of modern systematic scrutiny. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. | ||||
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Alpini | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | J. conglomeratus, J. effusus var. brunneus, J. effusus var. caeruleomontanus, J. effusus var. costulatus, J. effusus var. dicipiens, J. effusus var. exiguus, J. effusus var. gracilis, J. effusus var. pylaei, J. effusus var. solutus, J. effusus var. subglomeratus, J. griscomii | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 328. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 326. (1753) | ||||
Web links |
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