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three-flower rush, three-hulled rush

narrow-panicle rush, short-tail rush

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 0.3–3.5 dm. Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 1.4–5.5(–7) dm.
Culms

1–8, 0.3–0.5 mm diam.

erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth.

Cataphylls

1–2.

0–1, straw-colored to pink, apex acute.

Leaves

basal, 2–4;

auricles slightly prolonged, rounded, scarious to ± leathery;

blade deeply channeled, 2–10 cm, mostly shorter than culms.

basal 1–3, cauline 1–2;

auricles 0.5–3 mm, apex rounded to truncate, scarious;

blade terete, 1.5–25 cm × 0.5–2.5 mm.

Inflorescences

solitary heads, each with 2–3(–50) flowers;

primary bracts brownish, nearly equal to or slightly shorter thanabout equaling inflorescence.

terminal panicles or racemes of 2–35 heads, 1–12 cm, branches erect;

primary bract erect;

heads 2–8-flowered, ellipsoid to narrowly obconic, 2–9 mm diam.

Flowers

tepals pale brown or darker, oblong-lanceolate, 3–5 mm, outer and inner series nearly equal;

stamens 6, filaments 2.5–4 mm, anthers 0.6–1 mm;

styles 0.5–0.8 mm.

tepals green to light brown, lanceolate;

outer tepals 2.3–3.1 mm, apex acuminate to rarely obtuse;

inner tepals 2.5–3.2 mm, apex acuminate;

stamens 3 (or 6), anthers 1/4–1/2 filament length.

Capsules

tan, pseudo-3-locular, 3-gonous–cylindric, apex obtuse, mucronate.

exserted, chestnut brown, imperfectly 3-locular, narrowly ellipsoid to prismatic, 3.2–4.8 mm, apex acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence.

Seeds

tan or darker, fusiform, body 0.5–1 mm, tails 0.6–1 mm.

fusiform, 0.7–1.2 mm, tailed;

body covered with whitish translucent veil.

2n

= 80.

Juncus triglumis

Juncus brevicaudatus

Phenology Fruiting mid summer–fall.
Habitat Generally in acidic or peaty moist sites, including emergent shorelines and aroundg hot springs
Elevation 100–2500 m (300–8200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CO; ID; MT; NM; OR; UT; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; CT; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NH; NY; OR; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Populations from about around hot springs in the west have been separated as Juncus tweedyi Rydberg, but no morphologic distinction appears to exist between J. tweedyi and J. brevicaudatus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Most proximal bracts of inflorescence obtuse to mucronate, usually much shorter than inflorescence; capsules well exserted from perianth, 4.5–7 mm, apex conic or rounded proximal to persistent style
var. triglumis
1. Most proximal bracts of infloresecence equal to or longer than inflorescence, apex long acuminate or awned; capsules included or barely exserted from perianth, 3–5 mm, apex nearly truncate proximal to persistent style
var. albescens
Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Alpini Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati
Sibling taxa
J. acuminatus, J. acutiflorus, J. acutus, J. alpinoarticulatus, J. anthelatus, J. arcticus, J. articulatus, J. biglumis, J. bolanderi, J. brachycarpus, J. brachycephalus, J. brachyphyllus, J. brevicaudatus, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. caesariensis, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. castaneus, J. chlorocephalus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. cooperi, J. coriaceus, J. covillei, J. debilis, J. dichotomus, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dubius, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. elliottii, J. ensifolius, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. filipendulus, J. georgianus, J. gerardii, J. greenei, J. gymnocarpus, J. hallii, J. hemiendytus, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. leiospermus, J. lesueurii, J. longistylis, J. luciensis, J. macrandrus, J. macrophyllus, J. marginatus, J. maritimus, J. megacephalus, J. mertensianus, J. militaris, J. nevadensis, J. nodatus, J. nodosus, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. pervetus, J. phaeocephalus, J. polycephalus, J. regelii, J. repens, J. roemerianus, J. scirpoides, J. secundus, J. squarrosus, J. stygius, J. subcaudatus, J. subtilis, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. texanus, J. textilis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. trifidus, J. triformis, J. trigonocarpus, J. uncialis, J. validus, J. vaseyi, J. xiphioides
J. acuminatus, J. acutiflorus, J. acutus, J. alpinoarticulatus, J. anthelatus, J. arcticus, J. articulatus, J. biglumis, J. bolanderi, J. brachycarpus, J. brachycephalus, J. brachyphyllus, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. caesariensis, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. castaneus, J. chlorocephalus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. cooperi, J. coriaceus, J. covillei, J. debilis, J. dichotomus, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dubius, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. elliottii, J. ensifolius, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. filipendulus, J. georgianus, J. gerardii, J. greenei, J. gymnocarpus, J. hallii, J. hemiendytus, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. leiospermus, J. lesueurii, J. longistylis, J. luciensis, J. macrandrus, J. macrophyllus, J. marginatus, J. maritimus, J. megacephalus, J. mertensianus, J. militaris, J. nevadensis, J. nodatus, J. nodosus, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. pervetus, J. phaeocephalus, J. polycephalus, J. regelii, J. repens, J. roemerianus, J. scirpoides, J. secundus, J. squarrosus, J. stygius, J. subcaudatus, J. subtilis, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. texanus, J. textilis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. trifidus, J. triformis, J. triglumis, J. trigonocarpus, J. uncialis, J. validus, J. vaseyi, J. xiphioides
Subordinate taxa
J. triglumis var. albescens, J. triglumis var. triglumis
Synonyms J. canadensis var. brevicaudatus, J. canadensis var. coarctatus, J. canadensis var. kuntzei, J. coarctatus, J. kuntzei, J. tweedyi
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 328. (1753) (Engelmann) Fernald: Rhodora 6: 35. (1904)
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