Juncus tenuis |
Juncus inflexus |
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path rush, poverty or slender rush, poverty rush, slender rush |
blue rush, European blue rush, European Meadow rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, tufted, 1.5–5 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, stooling, 4–10 (–12) dm. |
Rhizomes | densely branching. |
3–5 mm diam. |
Culms | few–20. |
terete, 1.5–3 mm diam. |
Cataphylls | several. |
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Leaves | basal, (1–)2–3; auricles 2–5 mm, apex acute, membranous; blade flat, 3–12 cm × 0.5–1 mm, margins entire. |
blade absent. |
Inflorescences | 5–40-flowered, borne congested or branch internodes ca. as long as tepals, ssomewhat loose, 1–5 cm; primary bract usually longer than inflorescence. |
many flowered, open, 2–7 cm; primary bract terete, 10–25 cm. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals greenish, lanceolate, 3.3–4.4 mm; outer and inner series nearly equal; stamens 6, filaments 0.5–0.9 mm, anthers 0.1–0.2 mm; style 0.1–0.2 mm. |
pedicellate; bracteoles ovate; tepals straw-colored to reddish brown, lanceolate, 2.7–3.5 mm, margins scarious; inner series loosely subtending capsule at maturity, shorter; stamens 6, filaments 0.8–1.5 mm, anthers 0.8–1 mm; style 0.3 mm. |
Capsules | tan or light brown, 1-locular to pseudo-3-locular, ellipsoid, (3.3–)3.8–4.7 × (1.1–)1.3–1.7 mm, nearly equal to tepals. |
reddish brown to chestnut brown, 3-locular, 3-gonous-ovoid to widely ellipsoid, 3–4 mm, exceeding perianth. |
Seeds | tan, ellipsoid to lunate, (0.52–)5.5–0.65(–0.7) mm, not tailed. |
amber, obovoid, 0.3–0.5 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 80. |
= 20, 38, 40. |
Juncus tenuis |
Juncus inflexus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Flowering and fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Exposed or shaded sites in soils ranging from sandy to clayey under moist or drier conditions, oftentimes these sites naturally or otherwise disturbed (e.g., game or human trails) | Wet soils along streams, ditches, and on wet, sandy and peaty hillsides |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK [Introduced worldwide]
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MI; NY; PA; VA; ON; Europe; Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Juncus tenuis occurs throughout North America. It is particularly abundant in northeastern United States and eastern Canada, although infrequent in the south and west. Through the use of isozyme electrophoresis, hybridization can be demonstrated between various members of the Juncus tenuis complex, including Juncus tenuis, J. anthelatus, J. interior, J. secundus, and J. dichotomus (R. E. Brooks, unpubl.). Juncus ××oronensis is thought to be a hybrid between J. tenuis and J. vaseyi in the northeast. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bicornis, J. bicornis var. williamsii, J. macer, J. macer, J. macer var. williamsii, J. tenuis var. bicornis, J. tenuis var. multicornis, J. tenuis var. williamsii | J. glaucus |
Name authority | Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 2(1): 214. (1799) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 326. (1753) |
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