Juncus tenuis |
Juncus bulbosus |
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path rush, poverty or slender rush, poverty rush, slender rush |
bulbous rush, spreading rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, tufted, 1.5–5 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, often with basal bulblike swellings, occasionally appearing rhizomatous, 0.3–3 dm, to 10 dm when floating or submersed. |
Rhizomes | densely branching. |
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Culms | few–20. |
erect or decumbent and rooting at nodes, or floating, terete, 1–2 mm diam., smooth. |
Cataphylls | 1, straw-colored, apex acute. |
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Leaves | basal, (1–)2–3; auricles 2–5 mm, apex acute, membranous; blade flat, 3–12 cm × 0.5–1 mm, margins entire. |
basal 1, cauline 0–1; auricles 0.4–1 mm, apex acute, scarious; blade terete, occasionally filiform, flaccid, forming carpets, 2–10 cm × 0.8–1.4 mm. |
Inflorescences | 5–40-flowered, borne congested or branch internodes ca. as long as tepals, ssomewhat loose, 1–5 cm; primary bract usually longer than inflorescence. |
terminal racemes of 1–8(–30) heads, or single head, 2–10 cm, branches erect; primary bract erect; heads 2–6(–15)-flowered, obconic, 4.5–6.5 mm diam. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals greenish, lanceolate, 3.3–4.4 mm; outer and inner series nearly equal; stamens 6, filaments 0.5–0.9 mm, anthers 0.1–0.2 mm; style 0.1–0.2 mm. |
often forming bulbils; tepals pale brown, ovate to lanceolate or inner oblong, 2–3.6 mm, nearly equal, apex acute to obtuse; stamens 3 or 6, anthers 3/4 to equal filament length. |
Capsules | tan or light brown, 1-locular to pseudo-3-locular, ellipsoid, (3.3–)3.8–4.7 × (1.1–)1.3–1.7 mm, nearly equal to tepals. |
equaling perianth or exserted (to 0.5 mm beyond tepals), chestnut brown, 1-locular, cylindric, 2.5–4 mm, apex obtuse proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. |
Seeds | tan, ellipsoid to lunate, (0.52–)5.5–0.65(–0.7) mm, not tailed. |
ellipsoid, 0.5–0.6 mm, not tailed; body clear yellow-brown. |
2n | = 80. |
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Juncus tenuis |
Juncus bulbosus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | Fruiting mid summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Exposed or shaded sites in soils ranging from sandy to clayey under moist or drier conditions, oftentimes these sites naturally or otherwise disturbed (e.g., game or human trails) | Margins and siliceous or peaty shores of pools and streams, often floating |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK [Introduced worldwide]
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OR; WA; BC; NF; NS; SPM; Europe; n Africa [Probably introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Juncus tenuis occurs throughout North America. It is particularly abundant in northeastern United States and eastern Canada, although infrequent in the south and west. Through the use of isozyme electrophoresis, hybridization can be demonstrated between various members of the Juncus tenuis complex, including Juncus tenuis, J. anthelatus, J. interior, J. secundus, and J. dichotomus (R. E. Brooks, unpubl.). Juncus ××oronensis is thought to be a hybrid between J. tenuis and J. vaseyi in the northeast. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bicornis, J. bicornis var. williamsii, J. macer, J. macer, J. macer var. williamsii, J. tenuis var. bicornis, J. tenuis var. multicornis, J. tenuis var. williamsii | J. kockii, J. supinus |
Name authority | Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 2(1): 214. (1799) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 327. (1753) |
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