The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Pennsylvania rush

inch high dwarf rush, inch-high rush, twelfth rush

Habit Herbs, perennial, 5–10 dm. Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.8–3.5 cm.
Rhizomes

widely creeping, 2–4 mm diam.

Culms

terete, 1.5–2.5 mm diam.

to 70, more than 0.2 mm diam..

Cataphylls

several.

Leaves

blade absent.

to 2.2 cm, 1/2–3/4 height of plant.

Inflorescences

8–30(–50)-flowered, open, 1.5–4 cm;

primary bract terete, 1–2.5 dm, much longer than inflorescence.

terminal solitary flowers;

bracts subtending inflorescence 1, widely truncate, enwrapping culm, inconspicuous, 0.25–0.9 mm, membranous, apex widely truncate, completely sheathing culm..

Flowers

pedicellate;

bracteoles broadly ovate;

tepals light brown, ovate-lanceolate, 1.8–2.5 mm, apex acuminate;

inner series shorter, margins scarious, apex acute;

stamens 6, filaments 1–1.3 mm, anthers 0.5–0.7 mm;

style 0.5 mm.

3-merous, : tepals erect to recurved at maturity, greenish or tinged red, 2–4 × 0.6–0.9 mm;

outer and inner series nearly equal, apex acutish;

stamens usually 3, filaments 0.9–1.6 mm, anthers 0.3–0.4 mm, 1/3 length of filaments;

style 0.1–0.3 mm, stigma 0.4–1.3 mm.

Capsules

reddish tan to brown, lustrous, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, 2–3 × 1.8–2.2 mm, exceeding perianth.

reddish to maroon, 3-locular, ovoid to ellipsoid, 1.8–3.2 × 1–2.5 mm, nearly equal or shorter than the tepals.

Seeds

dark amber, obovoid, 0.7–1 mm, not tailed.

ovoid, 0.3–0.4 mm.

n

= 16.

Juncus gymnocarpus

Juncus uncialis

Phenology Flowering and fruiting summer. Flowering and fruiting spring–early summer.
Habitat Sphagnous swamps, low woods, edges of lakes Margins of vernal pools and ponds
Elevation 600–1500 m (2000–4900 ft) 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; MS; NC; PA; SC; TN
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; NV; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii
Sibling taxa
J. acuminatus, J. acutiflorus, J. acutus, J. alpinoarticulatus, J. anthelatus, J. arcticus, J. articulatus, J. biglumis, J. bolanderi, J. brachycarpus, J. brachycephalus, J. brachyphyllus, J. brevicaudatus, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. caesariensis, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. castaneus, J. chlorocephalus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. cooperi, J. coriaceus, J. covillei, J. debilis, J. dichotomus, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dubius, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. elliottii, J. ensifolius, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. filipendulus, J. georgianus, J. gerardii, J. greenei, J. hallii, J. hemiendytus, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. leiospermus, J. lesueurii, J. longistylis, J. luciensis, J. macrandrus, J. macrophyllus, J. marginatus, J. maritimus, J. megacephalus, J. mertensianus, J. militaris, J. nevadensis, J. nodatus, J. nodosus, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. pervetus, J. phaeocephalus, J. polycephalus, J. regelii, J. repens, J. roemerianus, J. scirpoides, J. secundus, J. squarrosus, J. stygius, J. subcaudatus, J. subtilis, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. texanus, J. textilis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. trifidus, J. triformis, J. triglumis, J. trigonocarpus, J. uncialis, J. validus, J. vaseyi, J. xiphioides
J. acuminatus, J. acutiflorus, J. acutus, J. alpinoarticulatus, J. anthelatus, J. arcticus, J. articulatus, J. biglumis, J. bolanderi, J. brachycarpus, J. brachycephalus, J. brachyphyllus, J. brevicaudatus, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. caesariensis, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. castaneus, J. chlorocephalus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. cooperi, J. coriaceus, J. covillei, J. debilis, J. dichotomus, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dubius, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. elliottii, J. ensifolius, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. filipendulus, J. georgianus, J. gerardii, J. greenei, J. gymnocarpus, J. hallii, J. hemiendytus, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. leiospermus, J. lesueurii, J. longistylis, J. luciensis, J. macrandrus, J. macrophyllus, J. marginatus, J. maritimus, J. megacephalus, J. mertensianus, J. militaris, J. nevadensis, J. nodatus, J. nodosus, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. pervetus, J. phaeocephalus, J. polycephalus, J. regelii, J. repens, J. roemerianus, J. scirpoides, J. secundus, J. squarrosus, J. stygius, J. subcaudatus, J. subtilis, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. texanus, J. textilis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. trifidus, J. triformis, J. triglumis, J. trigonocarpus, J. validus, J. vaseyi, J. xiphioides
Synonyms J. smithii
Name authority Coville: Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 5: 106. (1894) Greene: Pittonia 2: 105. (1890)
Web links