Juncus gerardii |
Juncus roemerianus |
|
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
black needlerush, needle rush, needlegrass rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 5–15 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
long, thick, scaly. |
Culms | gray-green, 2–5 mm diam. |
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Cataphylls | 1–3. |
2–5. |
Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal, 1–3; auricles absent; blade terete, 40–80 cdm × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
sympodial or appearing lateral, glomerules to 150, each with 2–6 perfect or pistillate flowers, congested to open, 4–20 × 5–10 cm; primary bracts terete, longer than inflorescence. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
tepals pale brown, 2.5–3.3 mm, apex acuminate; outer series acuminate; inner series slightly shorter, acutish; stamens 6, sometimes rudimentary, filaments 0.2–0.7 mm, anthers 1.3–2.5 mm; style 0.3–1 mm. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
brown, 3-locular, ovoid to oblate, 1.7–3 × 1.3–1.6 mm, mostly distinctly shorter than perianth, apiculate. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
dark brown, ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
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Juncus gerardii |
Juncus roemerianus |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting spring–early fall. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Coastal tidal marshes in dense zonal stands |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
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AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; SC; VA; Texas
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Juncus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Scheele: Linnaea 22:348. (1849) |
Web links |
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