Juncus gerardii |
Juncus macrophyllus |
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
long-leaf rush, rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, perennial, tufted, 2–10 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
poorly developed. |
Culms | erect, nearly terete to slightly compressed, never rooting at nodes. |
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Cataphylls | 1–3. |
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Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal several, cauline 1–3; auricles rounded, 1–3 mm, apex acutish, membranous; blade pale green, basal blade striate, channeled, basal 1/2–1 times length of culm; cauline 8–15 cm × 1–3 mm. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
glomerules, 8–25, each with 3–5 flowers, open; primary bract much shorter than inflorescence. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
tepals greenish with reddish or brown tinge, lanceolate, 5–6 mm, outer series shorter; stamens 6, filaments 0.5–1 mm, anthers 1.8–2.6 mm; style 0.5–1 mm. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
tan, 3-locular, obovoid, 3–4.5 mm, shorter than perianth. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
ovoid, 0.6 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
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Juncus gerardii |
Juncus macrophyllus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Wet banks and meadows in chaparral and low mountains |
Elevation | 700–2600 m (2300–8500 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
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AZ; CA; NV
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | J. canaliculatus, J. longistylis var. scabratus |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Coville: University of California Publications in Botany 1: 65. (1902) |
Web links |
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