Juncus gerardii |
Juncus chlorocephalus |
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
green head rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 2–4.5 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
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Culms | erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth. |
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Cataphylls | 1–3. |
1, straw-colored or maroon, apex acute. |
Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal 1–2, cauline 2–3; auricles 2–3.5 mm, apex rounded, scarious; blade terete, 2–16 cm × 1–2 mm. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
single heads (rarely cluster of 2–3 heads), 0.5–2 cm; primary bract erect; heads 15–25-flowered, spheric, 11–14 mm diam. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
tepals light green to light pink or white, lanceolate, 3.1–4.2 mm, apex obtuse; stamens 6, anthers 2–3 times filament length. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
included, straw-colored, 1-locular, broadly obovoid to ovoid, 2.2–2.5 mm, apex obtuse, valves separating at dehiscence, fertile throughout or only proximal to middle. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
oblong, 0.5 mm, not tailed; body clear yellow-brown. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
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Juncus gerardii |
Juncus chlorocephalus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Fruiting mid summer–fall. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Sandbars, meadows, damp soil in rock outcrops, and talus |
Elevation | 1400–3000 m (4600–9800 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
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CA; NV
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Engelmann |
Web links |
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