Juncus gerardii |
Juncus capitatus |
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
capitate rush, dwarf rush, leafy-bract dwarf rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.3–1 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
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Culms | to 20. |
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Cataphylls | 1–3. |
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Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal; auricles absent; blade 0.5–2.5 cm × 0.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
glomerules 1–2, each with 2–10(–14) flowers; bracts subtending inflorescence 1(–2), foliose, clearly surpassing inflorescence. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
tepals 6, tan to brownish, subulate, lanceolate-ovate, 3.5–4.5(–5) mm, 2 times length of inner tepals, margins scarious; inner series delicate, shorter, apex acute; stamens 3, filaments 1 mm, anthers 0.5 mm; style 0.4–0.7 mm. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, globose to obovoid, 1.2–1.7 mm, shorter than tepals. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
ellipsoid-ovoid, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
= 18. |
Juncus gerardii |
Juncus capitatus |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting spring. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Moist to wet areas, usually in sandy, often disturbed soil such as roadsides or along trails |
Elevation | below 1000 m (below 3300 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
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CA; LA; OK; TX; native; Africa (north); Europe; Asia (Near East) [Introduced in North America]
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Weigel: Observ. Bot. 28. (1772) |
Web links |
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