Juncus gerardii |
Juncus caesariensis |
|
---|---|---|
black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
New Jersey rush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 3–9 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
|
Culms | erect, 2–4 mm diam., scabrous. |
|
Cataphylls | 1–3. |
0 or 1–2, straw-colored, apex acuminate. |
Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal 1–2, cauline 1–2; auricles 1–7.5 mm, apex rounded, scarious; blade terete, 4–25 cm × 1–1.8 mm, scabrous. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
panicles of 5–30 heads, 12–15 cm, erect to ascending branches; primary bract erect; heads 2–6-flowered, broadly obovoid, 5–10 mm diam. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
tepals green to reddish brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 3.3–3.9 mm, apex acuminate; inner tepals 3.9–4.7 mm, acuminate; stamens 6, anthers 1/2 filament length. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
exserted, chestnut brown, 3-locular, ovoid, 4.5–5.3 mm, apex acuminate, valves separating at dehiscence. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
fusiform, 2.2–2.6 mm, tailed. |
; seed body covered with whitish translucent veil. | ||
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
|
Juncus gerardii |
Juncus caesariensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Fruiting mid summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Wet springy bogs, swamps, and borders of wet woods |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
|
DC; DE; MD; NC; NJ; PA; VA; NS |
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | J. asper |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Coville: Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 5: 106. (1894) |
Web links |
|