Juncus gerardii |
Juncus bryoides |
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
moss rush, mosslike dwarf rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.03–0.25 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
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Culms | to 150, 0.1–0.2 mm wide. |
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Cataphylls | 1–3. |
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Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
to 0.9 cm, 1/4–1 times height of plant. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
terminal solitary flowers; bracts subtending inflorescence (1–)2, ovate, inconspicuous, 0.3–0.9 mm, membranous, apex acute. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
3-merous; : tepals (4–)6(–8), turning inward to enwrap shorter capsule at maturity, chestnut brown to black, lanceolate to oblong, 1.2–2.3(–2.8) × 0.4–0.6 mm; ; outer and inner series nearly equal, acute to acuminate; stamens 3, filaments 0.3–0.6 mm, anthers 0.15–0.25 mm; style 0.1 mm, stigma 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
pale reddish, 3-locular, ovoid to ellipsoid, 1–1.9 mm × 0.5–1 mm. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
ovoid to globose, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
= ca. 38. |
Juncus gerardii |
Juncus bryoides |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting spring–mid summer. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Usually fine, sandy soil of washes, swales in meadows, and seepage areas on rock outcrops |
Elevation | 600–3600 m (2000–11800 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
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CA; CO; ID; NV; OR; UT; Mexico
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | F. J. Hermann: Leaflets of Western Botany 5: 117. (1948) |
Web links |
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