Juncus gerardii |
Juncus brachyphyllus |
|
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
short leaf rush, tuftedstem rush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, to 8 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
densely branching. |
Cataphylls | 1–3. |
1–2. |
Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal, 2–5; auricles 0.4–1.1(–2) mm, scarious; blade flat, 9–25 cm × 0.8–1.5(–2.4) mm, margins entire wide, becoming involute under xeric conditions. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
10–150-flowered, usually congested, 1.5–8 cm; primary bract usually longer than inflorescence. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
bracteoles 2; tepals green to tannish, lanceolate, 3.5–5.7 mm; outer and inner series nearly equal, in fruit apex appressed to capsule; stamens 6, filaments 0.6–1.1 mm, anthers 0.56–0.91 mm; style 0.2 mm. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
dark tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, ellipsoid to narrowly so, 2.6–4.7 × 1.3–2 mm, barely shorter than tepals. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
tan, ellipsoid to lunate, (0.32–)0.45–0.52(–0.65) mm, not tailed. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
= ca. 80. |
Juncus gerardii |
Juncus brachyphyllus |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting late spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Exposed moist or wet soils associated with depressions in temporal wetlands, along stream banks or lake shores especially in sandy soils |
Elevation | 900–1650 m (3000–5400 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
|
AR; CA; ID; KS; LA; MO; MT; NE; OK; OR; WA; Texas
|
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | J. kansanus |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Wiegand: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 27: 519. (1900) |
Web links |
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