Juncus gerardii |
Juncus biglumis |
|
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black needle rush, blackgrass, blackgrass rush, Gerard's rush, saltmarsh rush, saltmeadow rush |
two-flower rush, two-glumed rush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–9 dm. | Herbs, perennial, loosely cespitose, 0.25–1.6 dm. |
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
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Culms | nearly terete. |
|
Cataphylls | 1–3. |
2–4. |
Leaves | basal, (1–)2–4; auricles 0.4–0.6(–0.8) mm, scarious; blade flat or somewhat channeled, 10–40 cm × 0.4–0.7 mm, margins entire. |
basal, 1–4; sheaths loose; auricles absent or rounded, 0.5 mm; blade imperfectly septate, ascending, nearly terete, 2–7 cm × 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | 10–30(–80)-flowered, usually loose and somewhat lax, 2–16 cm; primary bract rarely surpassing inflorescence. |
heads, 1–2(–4)-flowered; primary bracts much longer than inflorescence. |
Flowers | bracteoles 2; tepals dark brown or blackish, lanceolate-ovate to oblong, 2.6–3.2(–3.8) mm; inner and outer series nearly equal, apex obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.4–0.7 mm, anthers 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm; style 0.4 mm. |
tepals brown to blackish, oblong, 2.5–4 mm, apex obtuse; outer and inner series nearly equal; stamens 6, filaments 1–1.5 mm, anthers 0.5–0.7 mm; style deciduous, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
Capsules | chestnut brown or brown, 3-locular, widely ellipsoid, (2.2–)2.5–3.2(–3.5) × 1.3–1.9 mm. |
pale with dark purplish valve margins, pseudo-3-locular, oblate to narrowly ovoid, 4–5.5 × 1.7–2.3 mm, exceeding perianth, apex retuse. |
Seeds | dark brown, ellipsoid to lunate, 0.485–0.6(–0.67) mm, not tailed. |
yellowish tan, fusiform-ovoid, 0.7–0.9 mm, short tailed. |
2n | = ca. 80, 84. |
= 120. |
Juncus gerardii |
Juncus biglumis |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Forming extensive colonies in exposed coastal estuary meadows and salt marshes just above high- tide line, also inland | Wet tundra and mossy margins of ponds and streams, wet gravel and open, rocky slopes in alpine zones |
Elevation | 10–3400 m (0–11200 ft) | |
Distribution |
CO; CT; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; OR; PA; RI; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Greenland; Europe; Asia
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AK; CO; MT; WY; AB; BC; LB; MB; NT; NU; ON; QC; YT; Greenland; n Europe; Asia |
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Alpini |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. bulbosus var. gerardii, J. fucensis, J. gerardii var. pedicellatus | |
Name authority | Loiseleur-Deslongchamps: J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. (1809) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 328. (1753) |
Web links |
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