Juncus filiformis |
Juncus marginatus |
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thread rush |
grass rush, grass-leaf rush, grassleaf or red-anther rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 0.2–3.5 dm. | Herbs, perennial, occasionally tufted, sometimes rhizomatous, 3–13 dm. |
Rhizomes | widely creeping, sparingly branched, 1.5–2 mm diam., nodes closely set. |
short, knotty. |
Culms | terete, 1 mm diam. |
compressed. |
Cataphylls | several. |
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Leaves | blade absent. |
basal and cauline; auricles 0.5–1.5 mm, apex rounded, membranous; basal blade flat, 20–4.5 dcm × 1.5–5 mm, cauline reduced. |
Inflorescences | 3–10(–12)-flowered, loosely congested, 1–2 cm; primary bract terete, nearly equaling to much longer than culm. |
glomerules, (2–)5–200, each with (1–)2–10(–20) flowers, mostly open, 3–10(–15) cm; primary bract shorter than inflorescence. |
Flowers | pedicellate; bracteoles broadly ovate, tepals light brown or green, lanceolate, 2.5–4.2 mm; inner series loosely subtending capsule at maturity, slightly shorter, margins scarious; stamens 6, filaments 0.5–0.9 mm, anthers 0.5–0.7 mm; style 0.2 mm. |
tepals dark brownish, usually with green midstripe, outer series ovate-lanceolate, 1.8–3.2 mm, margins broad, clear, awned or not, apex acutish; inner series ovate to lanceolate, 2–3.5 mm, slightly longer than outer series, apex obtuse to acute, awned or not; stamens 3, opposite outer tepals, shorter to longer than tepals, filaments 1.1–2.5 mm, anthers 0.3–1.2 mm; style 0.3 mm. |
Capsules | tan, 3-locular, nearly globose, 2.5–3 × 1.8–2.1 mm, shorter than perianth. |
brown and sometimes dark spotted, 3-locular, obovoid to nearly globose, 1.8–2.9 mm, shorter to longer than perianth. |
Seeds | amber, 0.5–0.6 mm, not tailed. |
yellow to light brown, fusiform, 0.4–0.7 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 40, 70, 80, 84. |
= 38, 40. |
Juncus filiformis |
Juncus marginatus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting summer. | Flowering and fruiting late spring–fall. |
Habitat | Usually sandy, moist or wet soil along stream banks, pools, lakes or in meadow depressions, rarely in bogs, frequently hidden by larger vegetation | Moist to wet sandy, peaty, or clayey soils, usually in open areas including bogs, shores, marshes, and ditches |
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OR; PA; UT; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; Eurasia; Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NS; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Cuba)
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Discussion | The number of glomerules per inflorescence, stamen length vs.versus perianth length, and tepal shape have separately and in combination been used to distinguish a number of taxa at various nomenclaturalorial ranks. These characters, however, vary considerably across the distribution of the species (broad sense) and do so independently of one another to the point that if separate taxa are recognized, they pass insensibly among each other. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. aristulatus, J. aristulatus var. pinetorum, J. biflorus, J. longii, J. marginatus var. aristulatus, J. marginatus var. biflorus, J. marginatus var. odoratus, J. marginatus var. paucicapitatus, J. marginatus var. setosus, J. marginatus var. vulgaris, J. odoratus, J. setosus | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 326. (1753) | Rostkovius: de Junco 38, plate 2, fig. 3. (1801) |
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