Juncus effusus |
Juncus textilis |
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common bog rush, common rush, common soft rush, pasture rush, soft or lamp rush, soft rush |
basket rush, mat or basket rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 4–13 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 10–20 dm. |
Rhizomes | short -branched, forming distinct, often large clumps. |
long- creeping. |
Culms | erect, terete, 1–2.5 mm diam. at top of sheaths. |
erect, 2–5 mm diam. |
Cataphylls | several. |
several. |
Leaves | blade absent. |
blade absent. |
Inflorescences | lateral, compound dichasia, many flowered; primary bract erect, terete, extending well beyond dichasium. |
lateral, many flowered, loose; primary bract barely exceeding to many times longer than inflorescence. |
Flowers | tepals tan or darker, usually with greenish midstripe, lanceolate, 1.9–3.5 mm; inner slightly shorter; stamens 3, filaments 0.5–0.8 mm, anthers 0.5–0.8 mm; style 0.2 mm. |
variously pedicellate; bracteoles membranous; tepals greenish to pale brown, lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm; inner series loosely subtending capsule at maturity, usually slightly shorter, margins scarious to clear, acutish; stamens 6, filaments 0.3–0.9 mm, anthers 1–2.5 mm; style 1–1.5 mm. |
Capsules | greenish tan or darker, 3-locular, broadly ellipsoid to oblate, 1.5–3.2 mm. |
dark brown, 3-locular, oblate to narrowly ovoid, 3–4 mm, nearly equal to perianth. |
Seeds | amber, (0.3–)0.4–0.5 mm. |
dark amber, oblate to ellipsoid, 0.5–0.8 mm. |
2n | = 40, 42. |
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Juncus effusus |
Juncus textilis |
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Phenology | Flowering summer, fruiting summer–fall. | Flowering and fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Swamps and their edges, marshes, moist meadows, and moist or saturated soils, often conspicuous in pasture meadows where it is shunned by grazing animals | Moist or wet exposed areas |
Elevation | Habitat??; 0–2500 m (Habitat??; 0–8200 ft) | 100–1800 m (300–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
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CA
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Discussion | The Juncus effusus complex has been variously recognized as containing several species or a single species with numerous infraspecific taxa. Unfortunately, North American treatments have dealt primarily with taxa in either the eastern or western portions of the continent. In considering the continent as a whole, little sense can be made of these treatments. The North American J. effusus complex is one that is in obvious need of modern systematic scrutiny. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. conglomeratus, J. effusus var. brunneus, J. effusus var. caeruleomontanus, J. effusus var. costulatus, J. effusus var. dicipiens, J. effusus var. exiguus, J. effusus var. gracilis, J. effusus var. pylaei, J. effusus var. solutus, J. effusus var. subglomeratus, J. griscomii | J. lesueurii var. elatus |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 326. (1753) | Buchenau: Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom naturwissenschaftlichen Vereine zu Bremen 17: 336. (1903) |
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