Juncus effusus |
Juncus repens |
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common bog rush, common rush, common soft rush, pasture rush, soft or lamp rush, soft rush |
creeping rush, lesser creeping rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 4–13 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, floriferous culm 0.5–3 dm. |
Rhizomes | short -branched, forming distinct, often large clumps. |
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Culms | erect, terete, 1–2.5 mm diam. at top of sheaths. |
first ascending, soon arcuate-stoloniferous and creeping or floating, or growing submersed along bottom, each node with cluster of basal leaves and fibrous roots, eventually each emergent terrestrial node with floriferous culm. |
Cataphylls | several. |
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Leaves | blade absent. |
basal; auricles 0.5–1 mm, apex acutish, membranous or thicker; blade spreading, flat, 2–10(–15) cm × 1–3 mm. |
Inflorescences | lateral, compound dichasia, many flowered; primary bract erect, terete, extending well beyond dichasium. |
glomerules, (1–)2–10, each with 3–12 flowers, open; primary bract usually shorter than inflorescence. |
Flowers | tepals tan or darker, usually with greenish midstripe, lanceolate, 1.9–3.5 mm; inner slightly shorter; stamens 3, filaments 0.5–0.8 mm, anthers 0.5–0.8 mm; style 0.2 mm. |
tepals green, margins scarious; inner series narrowly lanceolate, 5–9 mm, apex usually recurved; outer series obviously shorter, apex usually erect; stamens 3, filaments 1.5–3 mm, anthers 0.5–0.8 mm; style 0.5 mm. |
Capsules | greenish tan or darker, 3-locular, broadly ellipsoid to oblate, 1.5–3.2 mm. |
tan, 3-locular, narrowly ellipsoid, 3.5–5.5 × 0.8–1.2 mm. |
Seeds | amber, (0.3–)0.4–0.5 mm. |
brown, ovoid, 0.3–0.4 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 40, 42. |
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Juncus effusus |
Juncus repens |
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Phenology | Flowering summer, fruiting summer–fall. | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Swamps and their edges, marshes, moist meadows, and moist or saturated soils, often conspicuous in pasture meadows where it is shunned by grazing animals | Shores of ponds, lakes, and borrow pits, flatwood depressions, ditches, and drainage canals |
Elevation | Habitat??; 0–2500 m (Habitat??; 0–8200 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
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AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; Mexico (Tabasco); West Indies (Cuba)
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Discussion | The Juncus effusus complex has been variously recognized as containing several species or a single species with numerous infraspecific taxa. Unfortunately, North American treatments have dealt primarily with taxa in either the eastern or western portions of the continent. In considering the continent as a whole, little sense can be made of these treatments. The North American J. effusus complex is one that is in obvious need of modern systematic scrutiny. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. conglomeratus, J. effusus var. brunneus, J. effusus var. caeruleomontanus, J. effusus var. costulatus, J. effusus var. dicipiens, J. effusus var. exiguus, J. effusus var. gracilis, J. effusus var. pylaei, J. effusus var. solutus, J. effusus var. subglomeratus, J. griscomii | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 326. (1753) | Michaux: Flora Boreali-Americana 1: 191. (1803) |
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