Juncus capitatus |
Juncus nodosus |
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capitate rush, dwarf rush, leafy-bract dwarf rush |
jointed rush, knotted rish, knotted rush, tuberous rush |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.3–1 dm. | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, 0.4–5.5(–7) dm. |
Rhizomes | with swollen nodes, 1 mm diam. |
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Culms | to 20. |
erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth. |
Cataphylls | 0 or 1–2., pink to gray, apex acute. |
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Leaves | basal; auricles absent; blade 0.5–2.5 cm × 0.5 mm. |
basal 1, cauline 2–4, green to pink; auricles 0.5–1.7 mm, apex rounded, membranaceous to cartilaginous; blade terete, 6–30 cm × 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | glomerules 1–2, each with 2–10(–14) flowers; bracts subtending inflorescence 1(–2), foliose, clearly surpassing inflorescence. |
terminal racemes of 3–15 heads, 0.6–6 cm, branches ascending to erect; primary bract erect; heads 6–30-flowered, spheric, 6–10(–12) mm diam. |
Flowers | tepals 6, tan to brownish, subulate, lanceolate-ovate, 3.5–4.5(–5) mm, 2 times length of inner tepals, margins scarious; inner series delicate, shorter, apex acute; stamens 3, filaments 1 mm, anthers 0.5 mm; style 0.4–0.7 mm. |
tepals green to light brown, lance-subulate, 2.4–4.1 mm, nearly equal, apex acuminate; stamens 3 or 6, anthers 1/2 to equal filament length. |
Capsules | tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, globose to obovoid, 1.2–1.7 mm, shorter than tepals. |
exserted, chestnut brown, 1-locular, lance-subulate, 3.2–5 mm, apex tapering, valves separating at dehiscence, fertile throughout or only proximal to middle. |
Seeds | ellipsoid-ovoid, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
oblong, ellipsoid, or obovoid, 0.4–0.5 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 18. |
= 40. |
Juncus capitatus |
Juncus nodosus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring. | Fruiting early summer–fall. |
Habitat | Moist to wet areas, usually in sandy, often disturbed soil such as roadsides or along trails | Sandy and muddy shores of lakes, streams, rivers, and estuaries (both freshwater and brackish), swamps, fens, salt marshes, and wet fields, often calcareous |
Elevation | below 1000 m (below 3300 ft) | 0–2200 m (0–7200 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; LA; OK; TX; native; Africa (north); Europe; Asia (Near East) [Introduced in North America]
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Mexico (s to Puebla)
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Discussion | The Texas populations and some of the northern Mexican populations consistantly have 3 stamens. These populations have been separated as Juncus nodosus var. meridionalis. Plants with 3 stamens are found elsewhere, however, and other significant characters do not appear to separate these populations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. nodosus var. meridionalis, J. rostkovii | |
Name authority | Weigel: Observ. Bot. 28. (1772) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl., ed. 2 1: 466. (1762) |
Web links |
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