Juncus capitatus |
Juncus brevicaudatus |
|
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capitate rush, dwarf rush, leafy-bract dwarf rush |
narrow-panicle rush, short-tail rush |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.3–1 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 1.4–5.5(–7) dm. |
Culms | to 20. |
erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth. |
Cataphylls | 0–1, straw-colored to pink, apex acute. |
|
Leaves | basal; auricles absent; blade 0.5–2.5 cm × 0.5 mm. |
basal 1–3, cauline 1–2; auricles 0.5–3 mm, apex rounded to truncate, scarious; blade terete, 1.5–25 cm × 0.5–2.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | glomerules 1–2, each with 2–10(–14) flowers; bracts subtending inflorescence 1(–2), foliose, clearly surpassing inflorescence. |
terminal panicles or racemes of 2–35 heads, 1–12 cm, branches erect; primary bract erect; heads 2–8-flowered, ellipsoid to narrowly obconic, 2–9 mm diam. |
Flowers | tepals 6, tan to brownish, subulate, lanceolate-ovate, 3.5–4.5(–5) mm, 2 times length of inner tepals, margins scarious; inner series delicate, shorter, apex acute; stamens 3, filaments 1 mm, anthers 0.5 mm; style 0.4–0.7 mm. |
tepals green to light brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 2.3–3.1 mm, apex acuminate to rarely obtuse; inner tepals 2.5–3.2 mm, apex acuminate; stamens 3 (or 6), anthers 1/4–1/2 filament length. |
Capsules | tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, globose to obovoid, 1.2–1.7 mm, shorter than tepals. |
exserted, chestnut brown, imperfectly 3-locular, narrowly ellipsoid to prismatic, 3.2–4.8 mm, apex acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. |
Seeds | ellipsoid-ovoid, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
fusiform, 0.7–1.2 mm, tailed; body covered with whitish translucent veil. |
2n | = 18. |
= 80. |
Juncus capitatus |
Juncus brevicaudatus |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring. | Fruiting mid summer–fall. |
Habitat | Moist to wet areas, usually in sandy, often disturbed soil such as roadsides or along trails | Generally in acidic or peaty moist sites, including emergent shorelines and aroundg hot springs |
Elevation | below 1000 m (below 3300 ft) | 100–2500 m (300–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; LA; OK; TX; native; Africa (north); Europe; Asia (Near East) [Introduced in North America]
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AZ; CO; CT; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NH; NY; OR; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
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Discussion | Populations from about around hot springs in the west have been separated as Juncus tweedyi Rydberg, but no morphologic distinction appears to exist between J. tweedyi and J. brevicaudatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. canadensis var. brevicaudatus, J. canadensis var. coarctatus, J. canadensis var. kuntzei, J. coarctatus, J. kuntzei, J. tweedyi | |
Name authority | Weigel: Observ. Bot. 28. (1772) | (Engelmann) Fernald: Rhodora 6: 35. (1904) |
Web links |