Juncus brachycephalus |
Juncus trifidus |
|
---|---|---|
small-head rush |
highland rush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 2–7 dm. | Herbs, perennial, tufted, 1–4 dm. |
Rhizomes | densely branching. |
|
Culms | erect, 1–4 mm diam., smooth. |
few to many, erect to drooping. |
Cataphylls | 1–2, straw-colored to pink, apex acute. |
2–4. |
Leaves | basal 1–3, cauline 1–2; auricles 0.6–1.5 mm, apex rounded, scarious; blade terete to compressed, 0.2–12 cm × 0.5–2 mm. |
basal and cauline, 2–4; auricles deeply lacerate, to 4 mm, membranous; blade dark green, flat to slightly channeled, 5–12 cm × 0.5–1 mm, margins finely serrulate. |
Inflorescences | panicles of 5–80 heads, 5–25 cm, branches ascending; primary bract erect; heads 2–6-flowered, ellipsoid to obovoid, 2–5 mm diam. |
1–3(–4)-flowered; primary bract usually exceeding inflorescence. |
Flowers | tepals green to light brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 1.8–2.5 mm, apex obtuse to nearly acute; inner tepals 2–2.8 mm, apex obtuse to nearly acute; stamens 3 or 6, anthers 1/2 filament length. |
bracteoles 2, usually lacerate; tepals brownish, widely lanceolate, 2.1–3 mm; inner series slightly shorter, apex acute; stamens 6, filaments 0.3–0.7 mm, anthers 1.2–1.5 mm; stigma 1.5–3 mm. |
Capsules | exserted, chestnut to dark brown, imperfectly 3-locular, obconic, 2.4–3.8 mm, apex acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. |
brown, ellipsoid, 2.2–3.5 × 1.3–1.7 mm, longer than tepals. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to fusiform, 0.8–1.2 mm, tailed; body covered with whitish translucent veil. |
brown, obliquely ovoid, 0.89–1.35 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 80. |
= 40. |
Juncus brachycephalus |
Juncus trifidus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–early fall. | Flowering and fruiting late spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Calcareous marshes, wet meadows, and wetland shores | Mostly in crevices of granitic (schistose) cliffs or rubble slopes in the higher regions of the Appalachians |
Elevation | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) | 20–2000 m (100–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CO; CT; GA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC;
|
ME; NC; NH; NY; TN; VA; VT; NB; NL; NS; QC; Greenland; Europe; n Asia |
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Poiophylli |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. canadensis var. brachycephalus | J. monanthos, J. trifidus subsp. carolinianus, J. trifidus subsp. monanthos, J. trifidus var. monanthos |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Buchenau: Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 12: 268. (1890) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 326. (1753) |
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