Juncus brachycephalus |
Juncus roemerianus |
|
---|---|---|
small-head rush |
black needlerush, needle rush, needlegrass rush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 2–7 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 5–15 dm. |
Rhizomes | long, thick, scaly. |
|
Culms | erect, 1–4 mm diam., smooth. |
gray-green, 2–5 mm diam. |
Cataphylls | 1–2, straw-colored to pink, apex acute. |
2–5. |
Leaves | basal 1–3, cauline 1–2; auricles 0.6–1.5 mm, apex rounded, scarious; blade terete to compressed, 0.2–12 cm × 0.5–2 mm. |
basal, 1–3; auricles absent; blade terete, 40–80 cdm × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | panicles of 5–80 heads, 5–25 cm, branches ascending; primary bract erect; heads 2–6-flowered, ellipsoid to obovoid, 2–5 mm diam. |
sympodial or appearing lateral, glomerules to 150, each with 2–6 perfect or pistillate flowers, congested to open, 4–20 × 5–10 cm; primary bracts terete, longer than inflorescence. |
Flowers | tepals green to light brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 1.8–2.5 mm, apex obtuse to nearly acute; inner tepals 2–2.8 mm, apex obtuse to nearly acute; stamens 3 or 6, anthers 1/2 filament length. |
tepals pale brown, 2.5–3.3 mm, apex acuminate; outer series acuminate; inner series slightly shorter, acutish; stamens 6, sometimes rudimentary, filaments 0.2–0.7 mm, anthers 1.3–2.5 mm; style 0.3–1 mm. |
Capsules | exserted, chestnut to dark brown, imperfectly 3-locular, obconic, 2.4–3.8 mm, apex acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. |
brown, 3-locular, ovoid to oblate, 1.7–3 × 1.3–1.6 mm, mostly distinctly shorter than perianth, apiculate. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to fusiform, 0.8–1.2 mm, tailed; body covered with whitish translucent veil. |
dark brown, ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 80. |
|
Juncus brachycephalus |
Juncus roemerianus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–early fall. | Flowering and fruiting spring–early fall. |
Habitat | Calcareous marshes, wet meadows, and wetland shores | Coastal tidal marshes in dense zonal stands |
Elevation | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; CO; CT; GA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC;
|
AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; SC; VA; Texas
|
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Juncus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. canadensis var. brachycephalus | |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Buchenau: Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 12: 268. (1890) | Scheele: Linnaea 22:348. (1849) |
Web links |