Juncus brachycephalus |
Juncus howellii |
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small-head rush |
Howell's rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 2–7 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 2–6 dm. |
Rhizomes | long creeping. |
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Culms | erect, 1–4 mm diam., smooth. |
erect, slightly compressed, never rooting at nodes. |
Cataphylls | 1–2, straw-colored to pink, apex acute. |
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Leaves | basal 1–3, cauline 1–2; auricles 0.6–1.5 mm, apex rounded, scarious; blade terete to compressed, 0.2–12 cm × 0.5–2 mm. |
basal 2–4, cauline 2–3; auricles 1–3 mm, apex rounded to acutish, membranous; blade flat, 10–30 cdm × 2–4 mm, reduced distally, margins occasionally papillose. |
Inflorescences | panicles of 5–80 heads, 5–25 cm, branches ascending; primary bract erect; heads 2–6-flowered, ellipsoid to obovoid, 2–5 mm diam. |
glomerules, usually 3–9, each with 3–8(–10) flowers, open, 2–9 cm; primary bract much shorter than inflorescence. |
Flowers | tepals green to light brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 1.8–2.5 mm, apex obtuse to nearly acute; inner tepals 2–2.8 mm, apex obtuse to nearly acute; stamens 3 or 6, anthers 1/2 filament length. |
tepals yellow-brown with green midstripe, lanceolate, 5–6.5 mm, margins clear; outer and inner series nearly equal, adaxially papillose; stamens 6, filaments 0.5–1 mm, anthers 1.8–2.6 mm; style 0.6 mm. |
Capsules | exserted, chestnut to dark brown, imperfectly 3-locular, obconic, 2.4–3.8 mm, apex acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. |
tan, 3-locular, obovoid, 3–5 mm, shorter than perianth. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to fusiform, 0.8–1.2 mm, tailed; body covered with whitish translucent veil. |
ovoid, body 0.5–0.7 mm, tails 0.2–0.4 mm. |
2n | = 80. |
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Juncus brachycephalus |
Juncus howellii |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–early fall. | Flowering and fruiting summer. |
Habitat | Calcareous marshes, wet meadows, and wetland shores | Moist ground in mountain meadows |
Elevation | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) | 850–2500 m (2800–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CO; CT; GA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC;
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CA; ID; OR; WA
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. canadensis var. brachycephalus | |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Buchenau: Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 12: 268. (1890) | F. J. Hermann: Leaflets of Western Botany 5: 182. (1949) |
Web links |
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