Juncus arcticus |
Juncus filipendulus |
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arctic rush |
ringseed rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–10 dm. | Herbs, perennial, tufted, 1.5–3.5 dm. | ||||||||
Rhizomes | long- creeping. |
poorly developed. |
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Culms | erect, 1–3 mm diam. |
erect, compressed, bases often swollen. |
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Cataphylls | several. |
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Leaves | blade usually absent (present in var. mexicanus). |
basal 2–4, cauline 1–3; auricles 0.5–1 mm, apex rounded to nearly acute; blade flat, 3–15 cm × 1–2.5 mm. |
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Inflorescences | lateral, 3–many-flowered, loose to congested; primary bract barely exceeding to many times longer than inflorescence. |
glomerules, (1–)2–5(–10), each with (3–)6–15 flowers, open; primary bract shorter than inflorescence. |
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Flowers | variously pedicellate; bracteoles membranous; tepals chestnut brown or paler, lanceolate, (2.5–)3.3–5.5(–6) mm, margins clear; inner series loosely subtending capsule at maturity; usually slightly shorter, margins scarious to clear, apex acutish to obtuse; stamens 6, filaments 0.2–1.1 mm, anthers 0.9–2.2 mm; style 0.9–1.5 mm. |
tepals straw-colored with green midstripe, lanceolate or widely so, 3.5–5 mm, margins sometimes clear; outer and inner series nearly equal; stamens 3, filaments 1.5 mm, anthers 0.5 mm; style 0.5 mm. |
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Capsules | 3-locular or infrequently pseudo-3-locular, oblate to narrowly ovoid, 3.5–4(–4.5) mm, equal to or exceeding perianth. |
tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, obovoid, 2.6–3.2 mm, shorter than perianth. |
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Seeds | dark amber, oblate to ellipsoid, 0.6–0.8 mm. |
fusiform, 0.5–0.6 mm, not tailed. |
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Juncus arcticus |
Juncus filipendulus |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–early summer. | |||||||||
Habitat | Moist, usually calcareous soils of swales or glades, occasionally in shallow water along streams | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Mexico; South America; Asia
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AL; AR; GA; KY; LA; MS; OK; TN; TX
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Discussion | Numerous entities have been circumscribed and recognized at various nomenclatural ranks by a plethora of authors addressing state or regional floras. In considering the Juncus arcticus-balticus complex as a whole in North America, one is soon confronted with a wide-ranging and obviously polymorphic complex that has not read the literature. It is abundantly clear that the systematics of the group will not be solved on the basis of morphology alone and that resolution of the problem is ripe for molecular investigations. Varieties 3 7 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Genuini | Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Graminifolii | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | J. leptocaulis | |||||||||
Name authority | Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 2: 206. (1799) | Buckley: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14: 8. (1862) | ||||||||
Web links |
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