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alpine rush, northern green rush, northern rush

diffuse rush, slim-fruit rush, slim-pod rush

Habit Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, 0.5–5 dm. Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 2.5–6.5 dm.
Rhizomes

2–4 mm diam., not swollen.

Culms

erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth.

erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth.

Cataphylls

0–1, straw-colored or maroon, apex acute.

0–1, maroon or dark green, apex obtuse.

Leaves

basal 0–2, cauline 1–2(–5);

auricles 0.5–1.2 mm, apex rounded, scarious;

blade green to straw-colored, terete, 1.5–12 cm × 0.5–1.1 mm.

basal 1, cauline 2–3;

auricles 1–2.1 mm, apex rounded, membranaceous;

blade maroon or dark green, terete to compressed, 3–20 cm × 1–2.4 mm.

Inflorescences

terminal panicles of 5–25 heads, 3–11 cm, branches erect to ascending;

primary bract erect;

heads 2–10-flowered, obpyramidal, usually with some flowers short- pedicellateled, 2–6 mm in diam.

terminal panicles of 30–70(–130), 5–20 cm, branches spreading;

primary bract erect;

;

heads (1–)2–10-flowered, hemispheric or narrower, 5–10 mm diam.

Flowers

tepals greenish to straw-colored, lanceolate to oblong;

outer tepals 1.8–3 mm, apex obtuse, mucronate;

inner tepals 1.6–2.7 mm, apex obtuse;

stamens 6, anthers 1/2 filament length.

tepals green to straw-colored, lanceolate, apex acute;

outer tepals (2–)2.6–3.2 mm;

inner tepals (1.8–)2.3–3 mm;

stamens 3, anthers 1/2–2/3 filament length.

Capsules

equaling perianth to usually exserted, chestnut brown to straw-colored, imperfectly 3-locular, oblong to oblong-ovoid, 2.3–3.5 mm, apex obtuse, valves separating at dehiscence.

exserted, , straw-colored, 1-locular, linear-lanceoloid, 4–5.2 mm, apex acute, valves separating at dehiscence.

Seeds

oblong to ovoid, 0.5–0.7 mm, not tailed.

oblong-ellipsoid, 0.3–0.4 mm, not tailed;

body clear yellow-brown.

2n

= 40.

Juncus alpinoarticulatus

Juncus diffusissimus

Phenology Fruiting mid summer–fall. Fruiting summer.
Habitat Wet meadows, sandy and gravelly, often calcareous shores, fens, and clayey pools over rock In soft mucky substrates, marshy shores, sloughs, occasionally in wet wooded places, often in shallow water, commonly abundantly colonizing wet, sandy- alluvial outwash in ditches and clearings
Elevation 0–2600 m (0–8500 ft) 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NY; OH; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; ; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; WV [Probably introduced, South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Several attempts have been made to separate subspecies or varieties of this widespread and variable species. In one study, five varieties were recognized, with four in North America (B. Lindquist 1932) . In another, at least six subspecies were recognized with two in North America (L. Hämet-Ahti 1986). The variation we.have encountered does not fit nicely into the subspecies Hämet-Ahti has recognized, and until a full account of the variation throughout the range of the species is presented, we are not recognizing subspecific or varietal divisions of this species. Recent evidence suggests that this species may be one of the parents of the tetraploid Juncus articulatus. Juncus alpinus hybridizes with J. brevicaudatus (= J. × gracilescens J. Hermann), J. articulatus (= J. × alpiniformis Fernald), J. nodosus (= J. × nodosiformis Fernald), and J. torreyi (= JuncusJ. ×stuckeyi Reinking).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22, p. 254. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati Juncaceae > Juncus > subg. Septati
Sibling taxa
J. acuminatus, J. acutiflorus, J. acutus, J. anthelatus, J. arcticus, J. articulatus, J. biglumis, J. bolanderi, J. brachycarpus, J. brachycephalus, J. brachyphyllus, J. brevicaudatus, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. caesariensis, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. castaneus, J. chlorocephalus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. cooperi, J. coriaceus, J. covillei, J. debilis, J. dichotomus, J. diffusissimus, J. drummondii, J. dubius, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. elliottii, J. ensifolius, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. filipendulus, J. georgianus, J. gerardii, J. greenei, J. gymnocarpus, J. hallii, J. hemiendytus, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. leiospermus, J. lesueurii, J. longistylis, J. luciensis, J. macrandrus, J. macrophyllus, J. marginatus, J. maritimus, J. megacephalus, J. mertensianus, J. militaris, J. nevadensis, J. nodatus, J. nodosus, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. pervetus, J. phaeocephalus, J. polycephalus, J. regelii, J. repens, J. roemerianus, J. scirpoides, J. secundus, J. squarrosus, J. stygius, J. subcaudatus, J. subtilis, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. texanus, J. textilis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. trifidus, J. triformis, J. triglumis, J. trigonocarpus, J. uncialis, J. validus, J. vaseyi, J. xiphioides
J. acuminatus, J. acutiflorus, J. acutus, J. alpinoarticulatus, J. anthelatus, J. arcticus, J. articulatus, J. biglumis, J. bolanderi, J. brachycarpus, J. brachycephalus, J. brachyphyllus, J. brevicaudatus, J. bryoides, J. bufonius, J. bulbosus, J. caesariensis, J. canadensis, J. capillaris, J. capitatus, J. castaneus, J. chlorocephalus, J. compressus, J. confusus, J. cooperi, J. coriaceus, J. covillei, J. debilis, J. dichotomus, J. drummondii, J. dubius, J. dudleyi, J. effusus, J. elliottii, J. ensifolius, J. falcatus, J. filiformis, J. filipendulus, J. georgianus, J. gerardii, J. greenei, J. gymnocarpus, J. hallii, J. hemiendytus, J. howellii, J. inflexus, J. interior, J. kelloggii, J. leiospermus, J. lesueurii, J. longistylis, J. luciensis, J. macrandrus, J. macrophyllus, J. marginatus, J. maritimus, J. megacephalus, J. mertensianus, J. militaris, J. nevadensis, J. nodatus, J. nodosus, J. occidentalis, J. orthophyllus, J. oxymeris, J. parryi, J. patens, J. pelocarpus, J. pervetus, J. phaeocephalus, J. polycephalus, J. regelii, J. repens, J. roemerianus, J. scirpoides, J. secundus, J. squarrosus, J. stygius, J. subcaudatus, J. subtilis, J. supiniformis, J. tenuis, J. texanus, J. textilis, J. tiehmii, J. torreyi, J. trifidus, J. triformis, J. triglumis, J. trigonocarpus, J. uncialis, J. validus, J. vaseyi, J. xiphioides
Synonyms J. alpinus, J.. alpinoarticulatus subsp. americanus, J.. alpinoarticulatus subsp. fuscescens, J.. alpinus var. americanus, J.. alpinus, J.. alpinus var. fuscescens, J.. alpinus var. insignis, J.. alpinus subsp. nodulosus, J.. alpinus var. rariflorus, J.. nodulosus, J.. rariflorus, J.. richardsonianus
Name authority Chaix: in D. Villars, Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 1: 378. (1786) Buckley: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14: 9. (1862)
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