Juncus acutiflorus |
Juncus marginatus |
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sharpflower rush |
grass rush, grass-leaf rush, grassleaf or red-anther rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, to 8 dm. | Herbs, perennial, occasionally tufted, sometimes rhizomatous, 3–13 dm. |
Rhizomes | 5–6 mm diam., nodes not swollen. |
short, knotty. |
Culms | erect, terete, 3 mm diam., smooth. |
compressed. |
Cataphylls | 1, straw-colored, apex acute. |
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Leaves | basal 1, cauline 2; auricles 0.5 mm, apex rounded, cartilaginous; blade 7–45 cm x 1–2 mm, terete, not scabrous. |
basal and cauline; auricles 0.5–1.5 mm, apex rounded, membranous; basal blade flat, 20–4.5 dcm × 1.5–5 mm, cauline reduced. |
Inflorescences | terminal panicles of 70–120 heads, 6–10 cm, branches ascending; primary bract erect; heads 3–5(–8)-flowered, obconic, 2–4 mm diam. |
glomerules, (2–)5–200, each with (1–)2–10(–20) flowers, mostly open, 3–10(–15) cm; primary bract shorter than inflorescence. |
Flowers | tepals dark reddish brown, lanceolate, apex acuminate to subulate tipte; outer tepals 1.9–2.2 mm; inner tepals 2–2.3 mm; stamens 6, anthers 2 times filament length. |
tepals dark brownish, usually with green midstripe, outer series ovate-lanceolate, 1.8–3.2 mm, margins broad, clear, awned or not, apex acutish; inner series ovate to lanceolate, 2–3.5 mm, slightly longer than outer series, apex obtuse to acute, awned or not; stamens 3, opposite outer tepals, shorter to longer than tepals, filaments 1.1–2.5 mm, anthers 0.3–1.2 mm; style 0.3 mm. |
Capsules | inserted with beak exserted, straw-colored, 1-locular, narrowly ovoid, 2.3–2.4 mm, tapering to subulate tip, valves separating at dehiscence. |
brown and sometimes dark spotted, 3-locular, obovoid to nearly globose, 1.8–2.9 mm, shorter to longer than perianth. |
Seeds | narrowly ovoid, 0.5–0.6 mm, not tailed; body clear yellow-brown. |
yellow to light brown, fusiform, 0.4–0.7 mm, not tailed. |
2n | = 38, 40. |
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Juncus acutiflorus |
Juncus marginatus |
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Phenology | Fruiting fall. | Flowering and fruiting late spring–fall. |
Habitat | Wet woods | Moist to wet sandy, peaty, or clayey soils, usually in open areas including bogs, shores, marshes, and ditches |
Elevation | 0–10 m (0–0 ft) | |
Distribution |
NF; SPM; Europe; Asia; Africa |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NS; ON; Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Cuba)
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Discussion | The number of glomerules per inflorescence, stamen length vs.versus perianth length, and tepal shape have separately and in combination been used to distinguish a number of taxa at various nomenclaturalorial ranks. These characters, however, vary considerably across the distribution of the species (broad sense) and do so independently of one another to the point that if separate taxa are recognized, they pass insensibly among each other. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. aristulatus, J. aristulatus var. pinetorum, J. biflorus, J. longii, J. marginatus var. aristulatus, J. marginatus var. biflorus, J. marginatus var. odoratus, J. marginatus var. paucicapitatus, J. marginatus var. setosus, J. marginatus var. vulgaris, J. odoratus, J. setosus | |
Name authority | Ehrhart: in G. F. Hoffmann, Deutschl. Fl. 1: 125. (1791) | Rostkovius: de Junco 38, plate 2, fig. 3. (1801) |
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