Juncus acutiflorus |
Juncus brevicaudatus |
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sharpflower rush |
narrow-panicle rush, short-tail rush |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, to 8 dm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 1.4–5.5(–7) dm. |
Rhizomes | 5–6 mm diam., nodes not swollen. |
|
Culms | erect, terete, 3 mm diam., smooth. |
erect, terete, 1–3 mm diam., smooth. |
Cataphylls | 1, straw-colored, apex acute. |
0–1, straw-colored to pink, apex acute. |
Leaves | basal 1, cauline 2; auricles 0.5 mm, apex rounded, cartilaginous; blade 7–45 cm x 1–2 mm, terete, not scabrous. |
basal 1–3, cauline 1–2; auricles 0.5–3 mm, apex rounded to truncate, scarious; blade terete, 1.5–25 cm × 0.5–2.5 mm. |
Inflorescences | terminal panicles of 70–120 heads, 6–10 cm, branches ascending; primary bract erect; heads 3–5(–8)-flowered, obconic, 2–4 mm diam. |
terminal panicles or racemes of 2–35 heads, 1–12 cm, branches erect; primary bract erect; heads 2–8-flowered, ellipsoid to narrowly obconic, 2–9 mm diam. |
Flowers | tepals dark reddish brown, lanceolate, apex acuminate to subulate tipte; outer tepals 1.9–2.2 mm; inner tepals 2–2.3 mm; stamens 6, anthers 2 times filament length. |
tepals green to light brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 2.3–3.1 mm, apex acuminate to rarely obtuse; inner tepals 2.5–3.2 mm, apex acuminate; stamens 3 (or 6), anthers 1/4–1/2 filament length. |
Capsules | inserted with beak exserted, straw-colored, 1-locular, narrowly ovoid, 2.3–2.4 mm, tapering to subulate tip, valves separating at dehiscence. |
exserted, chestnut brown, imperfectly 3-locular, narrowly ellipsoid to prismatic, 3.2–4.8 mm, apex acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. |
Seeds | narrowly ovoid, 0.5–0.6 mm, not tailed; body clear yellow-brown. |
fusiform, 0.7–1.2 mm, tailed; body covered with whitish translucent veil. |
2n | = 80. |
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Juncus acutiflorus |
Juncus brevicaudatus |
|
Phenology | Fruiting fall. | Fruiting mid summer–fall. |
Habitat | Wet woods | Generally in acidic or peaty moist sites, including emergent shorelines and aroundg hot springs |
Elevation | 0–10 m (0–0 ft) | 100–2500 m (300–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
NF; SPM; Europe; Asia; Africa |
AZ; CO; CT; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NH; NY; OR; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
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Discussion | Populations from about around hot springs in the west have been separated as Juncus tweedyi Rydberg, but no morphologic distinction appears to exist between J. tweedyi and J. brevicaudatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | J. canadensis var. brevicaudatus, J. canadensis var. coarctatus, J. canadensis var. kuntzei, J. coarctatus, J. kuntzei, J. tweedyi | |
Name authority | Ehrhart: in G. F. Hoffmann, Deutschl. Fl. 1: 125. (1791) | (Engelmann) Fernald: Rhodora 6: 35. (1904) |
Web links |