The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Fernald's iris

Munz's iris

Rhizomes

many-branched, producing dense clumps, compact, slender, ca. 0.6 cm diam., base covered with remains of old leaves;

roots fibrous.

freely branching, forming large clumps, slender, 1–1.2 cm diam., covered with remains of old leaves;

roots fibrous.

Stems

simple, solid, 2–4 dm.

simple, solid, 6–7 dm.

Leaves

basal with blade gray-green, usually brilliantly colored basally, drying to unusual gray-green, veins fairly prominent, to 4 dm × 0.7–0.8 cm, often quite glaucous, margins not thickened;

cauline 2–several, spreading, sheathing stem for about 1/2 length, foliaceous, blade not inflated.

basal persistent, blade gray-green, green and without pink coloration basally, 6–7 dm × 1.5–2 cm, glaucous, margins not thickened;

cauline 1–2, free from stem for ca. 1/2 length, foliaceous, spreading, blade not inflated.

Inflorescence units

2-flowered;

spathes opposite, connivent, often flushed red basally, broadly lanceolate, 5–9 cm × 6–11 mm, subequal.

3(–4)-flowered;

spathes widely separated, sometimes by 9 cm, divergent, unequal, outer 6.5–15 cm × 8–14 mm, inner much shorter.

Flowers

perianth pale creamy yellow with gold or gray veins;

floral tube funnelform, 3–6.2 cm, spreading apically to form wide throat;

sepals horizontally spreading, claw with deep yellow median line, oblanceolate to spatulate, 4.5–7 × 1–2 cm, base gradually attenuate into broad claw;

petals narrowly oblanceolate, 4.3–6 × 0.6–1.4 cm, base gradually attenuate into narrow claw;

ovary elliptical, nearly circular in cross section, 1.5–2.3 cm;

style 2.2–3 cm, crests divergent, linear to narrowly oblong, 1–1.7 cm;

stigmas triangular, margins entire;

pedicel 0.9–2.2 cm at anthesis.

perianth pale powder blue to lavender or violet, often frilled and veined in violet or darker blue;

floral tube funnelform, 0.7–1 cm;

sepals oblong-ovate to broadly oblanceolate, 6.2–9 × 1.8–3.7 cm, base gradually attenuate, apex emarginate;

petals oblong to spatulate, 5–9.5 × 1.2–2.1 cm, base attenuate, apex apiculate;

ovary rounded in cross section, 1.4–3 cm, base gradually attenuate into pedicel, apex abruptly acuminate into floral tube;

style 3 cm, crests reflexed, subquadrate, shallowly lobed, 1.1–2 cm, margins entire or obscurely and shallowly lobed;

stigmas triangular, margins entire;

pedicels of varying lengths, 0.8–4.8 cm on first flower, those of later flowers longer.

Capsules

oblong, roundly trigonal, distinctly beaked, 2.5–3.5 cm.

oblong, rounded in cross section, tapering abruptly at either end, to 5 cm.

Seeds

dark brown, wrinkled.

brown, D-shaped or irregular, coarsely wrinkled.

2n

= 40.

= 40.

Iris fernaldii

Iris munzii

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul. Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat Mixed evergreen forest Partially shaded areas and along stream banks or on moist slopes
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Iris fernaldii hybridizes with I. douglasiana, I. innominata, and I. macrosiphon.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

No natural hybrids of Iris munzii are known, but horticultural hybrids have been made with I. bracteata, I. douglasiana, I. hartwegii, I. innominata, and I. macrosiphon. It is known only from Tulare County, California.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 387. FNA vol. 26, p. 387.
Parent taxa Iridaceae > Iris > subg. Limniris > sect. Limniris > ser. Californicae Iridaceae > Iris > subg. Limniris > sect. Limniris > ser. Californicae
Sibling taxa
I. bracteata, I. brevicaulis, I. chrysophylla, I. cristata, I. douglasiana, I. fulva, I. germanica, I. giganticaerulea, I. hartwegii, I. hexagona, I. hookeri, I. innominata, I. lacustris, I. longipetala, I. macrosiphon, I. missouriensis, I. munzii, I. orientalis, I. pallida, I. prismatica, I. pseudacorus, I. pumila, I. purdyi, I. savannarum, I. setosa, I. sibirica, I. tenax, I. tenuis, I. tenuissima, I. tridentata, I. verna, I. versicolor, I. virginica
I. bracteata, I. brevicaulis, I. chrysophylla, I. cristata, I. douglasiana, I. fernaldii, I. fulva, I. germanica, I. giganticaerulea, I. hartwegii, I. hexagona, I. hookeri, I. innominata, I. lacustris, I. longipetala, I. macrosiphon, I. missouriensis, I. orientalis, I. pallida, I. prismatica, I. pseudacorus, I. pumila, I. purdyi, I. savannarum, I. setosa, I. sibirica, I. tenax, I. tenuis, I. tenuissima, I. tridentata, I. verna, I. versicolor, I. virginica
Name authority R. C. Foster: Iridis Sp. Nov., 1. (1938) R. C. Foster: Iridis Sp. Nov., 2. (1938)
Web links