FNA: Ipomoea costellata vs. Ipomoea macrorhiza

	Ipomoea costellata	Ipomoea macrorhiza
	crest-rib morning glory	large-root morning glory
Habit	Annuals.	Perennials, root relatively large, tuberlike.
Stems	usually trailing, or twining only near tips, rarely erect.	trailing or twining.
Leaf	blades palmatisect, lobes 5–9, lance-linear, linear, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 7–28 × 0.5–3(–8) mm, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hispidulous.	blades ovate, triangular-ovate, or 3-lobed, 50–150 × 50–150 mm, base cordate to sagittate or truncate, margins ± crenulate, surfaces: abaxial tomentulose, adaxial glabrous, minutely beaded along veinlets.
Peduncles	usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hispidulous.	tomentulose.
Flowers	sepals lance-oblong to lanceolate, outers 3–5 × 1–2 mm, inners 4–6 × 2–3 mm, herbaceous, apex acute, abaxial surface usually ± carinate and glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on midrib; corolla pale lavender to pink, funnelform, 10–12 mm.	nocturnal; sepals oblong-elliptic, 16–18 mm, coriaceous, sericeous; corolla white, throat lavender to purple inside, salverform, 50–80 mm.

	Ipomoea costellata	Ipomoea macrorhiza
Phenology	Flowering Jul–Nov.	Flowering Jun–Jul.
Habitat	Chaparral, oak woodlands, ponderosa pine zone, rocky sites.	Beaches, clearings, dunes.
Elevation	100–2200 m. (300–7200 ft.)	0–40 m. (0–100 ft.)
Distribution	AZ; NM; TX; Mexico [Introduced in South America] [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC [BONAP county map]
Discussion		Ipomoea macrorhiza has been confused with the Mexican and Central American I. jalapa (Linnaeus) Pursh; I. macrorhiza differs by having nocturnal, moth-pollinated flowers with white corollas versus matinal, bee-pollinated flowers with lavender corollas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 14.	FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa	Convolvulaceae > Ipomoea	Convolvulaceae > Ipomoea
Sibling taxa	I. alba, I. amnicola, I. aquatica, I. asarifolia, I. barbatisepala, I. batatas, I. cairica, I. capillacea, I. cardiophylla, I. carnea, I. coccinea, I. cordatotriloba, I. cristulata, I. dumetorum, I. hederacea, I. hederifolia, I. imperati, I. indica, I. lacunosa, I. leptophylla, I. lindheimeri, I. longifolia, I. macrorhiza, I. microdactyla, I. muricata, I. nil, I. pandurata, I. pes-caprae, I. plummerae, I. pubescens, I. purpurea, I. quamoclit, I. rupicola, I. sagittata, I. setosa, I. shumardiana, I. sloteri, I. tenuiloba, I. tenuissima, I. ternifolia, I. thurberi, I. tricolor, I. triloba, I. violacea, I. wrightii, I. ×leucantha	I. alba, I. amnicola, I. aquatica, I. asarifolia, I. barbatisepala, I. batatas, I. cairica, I. capillacea, I. cardiophylla, I. carnea, I. coccinea, I. cordatotriloba, I. costellata, I. cristulata, I. dumetorum, I. hederacea, I. hederifolia, I. imperati, I. indica, I. lacunosa, I. leptophylla, I. lindheimeri, I. longifolia, I. microdactyla, I. muricata, I. nil, I. pandurata, I. pes-caprae, I. plummerae, I. pubescens, I. purpurea, I. quamoclit, I. rupicola, I. sagittata, I. setosa, I. shumardiana, I. sloteri, I. tenuiloba, I. tenuissima, I. ternifolia, I. thurberi, I. tricolor, I. triloba, I. violacea, I. wrightii, I. ×leucantha
Synonyms	I. costellata var. edwardsensis
Name authority	Torrey in W. H. Emory: Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 149. (1859)	Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 141. (1803)
Web links	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Ipomoea macrorhiza

crest-rib morning glory

large-root morning glory

Habit

Annuals.

Perennials, root relatively large, tuberlike.

Stems

usually trailing, or twining only near tips, rarely erect.

trailing or twining.

Leaf

blades palmatisect, lobes 5–9, lance-linear, linear, oblanceolate, or spatulate, 7–28 × 0.5–3(–8) mm, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hispidulous.

blades ovate, triangular-ovate, or 3-lobed, 50–150 × 50–150 mm, base cordate to sagittate or truncate, margins ± crenulate, surfaces: abaxial tomentulose, adaxial glabrous, minutely beaded along veinlets.

Peduncles

usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hispidulous.

tomentulose.

Flowers

sepals lance-oblong to lanceolate, outers 3–5 × 1–2 mm, inners 4–6 × 2–3 mm, herbaceous, apex acute, abaxial surface usually ± carinate and glabrous, sometimes hispidulous on midrib;

corolla pale lavender to pink, funnelform, 10–12 mm.

nocturnal;

sepals oblong-elliptic, 16–18 mm, coriaceous, sericeous;

corolla white, throat lavender to purple inside, salverform, 50–80 mm.

Ipomoea costellata

Ipomoea macrorhiza

Phenology

Flowering Jul–Nov.

Flowering Jun–Jul.

Habitat

Chaparral, oak woodlands, ponderosa pine zone, rocky sites.

Beaches, clearings, dunes.

Elevation

100–2200 m. (300–7200 ft.)

0–40 m. (0–100 ft.)

Distribution

AZ; NM; TX; Mexico [Introduced in South America]

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Ipomoea macrorhiza has been confused with the Mexican and Central American I. jalapa (Linnaeus) Pursh; I. macrorhiza differs by having nocturnal, moth-pollinated flowers with white corollas versus matinal, bee-pollinated flowers with lavender corollas.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 14.

Parent taxa

Convolvulaceae > Ipomoea

Sibling taxa

I. alba, I. amnicola, I. aquatica, I. asarifolia, I. barbatisepala, I. batatas, I. cairica, I. capillacea, I. cardiophylla, I. carnea, I. coccinea, I. cordatotriloba, I. cristulata, I. dumetorum, I. hederacea, I. hederifolia, I. imperati, I. indica, I. lacunosa, I. leptophylla, I. lindheimeri, I. longifolia, I. macrorhiza, I. microdactyla, I. muricata, I. nil, I. pandurata, I. pes-caprae, I. plummerae, I. pubescens, I. purpurea, I. quamoclit, I. rupicola, I. sagittata, I. setosa, I. shumardiana, I. sloteri, I. tenuiloba, I. tenuissima, I. ternifolia, I. thurberi, I. tricolor, I. triloba, I. violacea, I. wrightii, I. ×leucantha

I. alba, I. amnicola, I. aquatica, I. asarifolia, I. barbatisepala, I. batatas, I. cairica, I. capillacea, I. cardiophylla, I. carnea, I. coccinea, I. cordatotriloba, I. costellata, I. cristulata, I. dumetorum, I. hederacea, I. hederifolia, I. imperati, I. indica, I. lacunosa, I. leptophylla, I. lindheimeri, I. longifolia, I. microdactyla, I. muricata, I. nil, I. pandurata, I. pes-caprae, I. plummerae, I. pubescens, I. purpurea, I. quamoclit, I. rupicola, I. sagittata, I. setosa, I. shumardiana, I. sloteri, I. tenuiloba, I. tenuissima, I. ternifolia, I. thurberi, I. tricolor, I. triloba, I. violacea, I. wrightii, I. ×leucantha

Synonyms

I. costellata var. edwardsensis

Name authority

Torrey in W. H. Emory: Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 149. (1859)

Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 141. (1803)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

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Ipomoea costellata

Ipomoea macrorhiza

Ipomoea costellata

Ipomoea macrorhiza