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coastal indigo, western indigo

anil de pasto, Guatemalan indigo, indigobush

Habit Herbs, perennial, strigose, hairs appressed, silvery. Herbs, perennial, strigose, hairs appressed, grayish silvery.
Stems

procumbent, diffusely branched, 1–5 dm.

erect or ascending, many stems from ground, much-branched distally, stems angled, 5–20 dm.

Leaves

1–3.5 cm;

stipules subulate, 1–7 mm;

petiole 0.5–8 cm;

stipels absent or of reddish hairs;

petiolules 1 mm;

leaflets (3 or)5–11(–17), usually alternate, rarely opposite, blades oblanceolate, obovate, or narrowly elliptic, 5–25 × 5 mm, similar in size within a leaf, base cuneate, apex acute or truncate, ± mucronate, surfaces glabrous or adaxially glabrate to densely pubescent.

6–11 cm;

stipules narrowly triangular, attenuate, 5–6 mm;

petiole 10–20 mm;

stipels 0.5–1.5 mm;

petiolules 0.5–1.5 mm;

leaflets 9–17, opposite, blades elliptic or oblanceolate, 15–20(–40) × 5–10(–15) mm, base cuneate, apex acute, mucronate, surfaces strigose, abaxially sometimes glabrate.

Racemes

2–20-flowered, dense or lax, 1.5–9 cm.

20–30+-flowered, dense, 3.5–5.5 cm.

Peduncles

1.5–8 cm.

0.5 cm.

Pedicels

1 mm.

1 mm.

Flowers

7–12 mm;

calyx 4–6 mm, lobes usually long-subulate, sometimes triangular;

corolla brick red, salmon pinkish, or salmon orange.

5–6 mm;

calyx 1.5–2 mm, lobes deltate to lanceolate;

corolla greenish yellow, orange, or purple-pink.

Legumes

brown, irregularly spreading or deflexed, cylindric, straight, 10–40 mm, leathery, densely sericeous.

dark brown, reflexed, cylindric, strongly curved, 15–20 mm, leathery, base not bulbous or reddish, strigose to glabrate.

Seeds

2–8, usually brown, sometimes lighter and brown-speckled, cuboid.

4–6, reddish brown, cuboid.

2n

= 32.

= 16, 32.

Indigofera miniata

Indigofera suffruticosa

Phenology Flowering Jan–Oct. Flowering year-round.
Habitat Open woods, creek bottoms, ruderal areas, pinelands, hammocks, urban waste areas. Dry, sandy, open woodlands, along streams, abandoned fields, ruderal or agricultural areas.
Elevation 0–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; KS; LA; OK; TX; Central America; Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); West Indies (Cuba)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Central America; South America (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Indigofera miniata is sometimes subdivided into vars. floridana, leptosepala, and miniata. They intergrade and are not clearly differentiated.

Indigofera mexicana Bentham, I. nana Rydberg, and I. ornithopodioides Chamisso & Schlechtendal are illegitimate names that pertain here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Indigofera suffruticosa is probably native to the New World tropics and subtropics. In the New World, it became a major source of blue dye. It was spread through cultivation to other regions of the world (P. C. Standley and J. A. Steyermark 1946).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Indigofera Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Indigofera
Sibling taxa
I. caroliniana, I. colutea, I. decora, I. hirsuta, I. kirilowii, I. lindheimeriana, I. oxycarpa, I. pilosa, I. sphaerocarpa, I. spicata, I. suffruticosa, I. texana, I. tinctoria
I. caroliniana, I. colutea, I. decora, I. hirsuta, I. kirilowii, I. lindheimeriana, I. miniata, I. oxycarpa, I. pilosa, I. sphaerocarpa, I. spicata, I. texana, I. tinctoria
Synonyms Anila leptosepala, Astragalus pasqualensis, A. recticarpus, I. argentata, I. cinerea, I. hartwegii, I. leptosepala, I. miniata var. floridana, I. miniata var. leptosepala, I. sphenoides, Orobus coccineus I. anil
Name authority Ortega: Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec. 8: 98. (1798) Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Indigofera no. 2. (1768)
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