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fourpetal St. Johnswort

bushy St. John's-wort, dense St. Johnswort

Habit Herbs (perennial) or shrubs, erect, with woody base, usually unbranched, sometimes with divaricate or ascending branches, 2–10 dm. Shrubs, erect, forming slender bush, 6–30 dm.
Stems

internodes (2–)4-lined at first, then 2-lined to terete.

internodes 4-lined at first, soon 2-lined to terete.

Leaf

blades oblong-ovate to ovate or triangular-ovate, 5–35 × 4–15 mm, base articulated, cordate-amplexicaul, margins subrecurved, apex apiculate or obtuse to rounded, midrib with 1 pair of branches.

blades narrowly elliptic-oblong or oblanceolate to linear, 20–45 × 2–7 mm, base articulated, narrowly cuneate to attenuate, margins recurved to revolute, apex apiculate-rounded to subacute, midrib with 14–17 pairs of branches.

Inflorescences

terminal, 1(–3)-flowered, branching from apical node pseudodichotomous, sometimes with relatively short branches from to 3 proximal nodes.

broadly pyramidal to broadly cylindric, 5–25-flowered from apical node, with (2–)5–15-flowered dichasia from 1–2 proximal nodes.

Flowers

20–30 mm diam.;

sepals persistent, enclosing capsule, 4, unequal, outer broadly ovate, 7–15 × 5.5–10 mm, apex subapiculate to obtuse, inner narrowly lanceolate, 7–15 × 2–3 mm, apex acute;

petals 4, bright yellow, obovate-oblong, 10–15 mm;

stamens persistent, 100;

ovary 3-merous.

10–17(–20) mm diam.;

sepals deciduous, not enclosing capsule, 5, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate-spatulate, unequal or subequal, 4–6 × 1–1.5 mm, basal veins 1–3;

petals 5, deep golden yellow, obovate-oblanceolate, 6–9 mm;

stamens deciduous, 100–150;

ovary 3–4(–5)-merous.

Capsules

broadly ellipsoid-ovoid to subglobose, 5–6 × 3.5–4 mm.

narrowly ovoid conic to cylindric-ovoid, 5–6(–7) × 2–3 mm, not or scarcely lobed.

Seeds

not carinate, 0.7 mm;

testa shallowly scalariform.

not carinate, 0.8–1.3 mm;

testa linear-reticulate.

2n

= 18.

= 18.

Hypericum tetrapetalum

Hypericum densiflorum

Phenology Flowering winter–spring (Jan–Apr), late summer (Jul–Sep). Flowering summer (Jun–Aug).
Habitat Moist, low pinelands, ditches Wet or moist habitats (meadows, lake margins, pinelands, etc.), road embankments, rocky hillsides
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft) 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; West Indies (w Cuba)
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from FNA
AL; DE; GA; KY; MD; NC; NJ; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion

Hypericum tetrapetalum differs from H. crux-andreae in having broader leaves with strongly cordate-amplexicaul bases and, nearly always, by terminal pseudodichotomous inflorescences.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Hybrid intermediates between Hypericum densiflorum and H. lobocarpum occur in northwestern Alabama, and a narrow-leaved, small-flowered form in Tennessee and northern Georgia (H. interior) verges toward H. galioides. Hypericum densiflorum is always distinct from H. prolificum in the wild; these species hybridize in gardens. Hypericum ×arnoldianum Rehder, known in cultivation only, was thought by Rehder to have the parentage H. galioides × lobocarpum; on both morphological and cytological grounds, the conclusion of W. P. Adams (1972) that it was H. densiflorum × lobocarpum seems much more likely.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 86. FNA vol. 6, p. 78.
Parent taxa Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Myriandra Hypericaceae > Hypericum > sect. Myriandra
Sibling taxa
H. adpressum, H. anagalloides, H. apocynifolium, H. ascyron, H. boreale, H. brachyphyllum, H. buckleyi, H. canadense, H. canariense, H. chapmanii, H. cistifolium, H. concinnum, H. crux-andreae, H. cumulicola, H. densiflorum, H. denticulatum, H. dolabriforme, H. drummondii, H. edisonianum, H. ellipticum, H. erythreae, H. fasciculatum, H. frondosum, H. galioides, H. gentianoides, H. graveolens, H. gymnanthum, H. harperi, H. hypericoides, H. kalmianum, H. lissophloeus, H. lloydii, H. lobocarpum, H. maculatum, H. majus, H. microsepalum, H. mutilum, H. myrtifolium, H. nitidum, H. nudiflorum, H. paucifolium, H. perforatum, H. prolificum, H. pseudomaculatum, H. punctatum, H. radfordiorum, H. scouleri, H. setosum, H. sphaerocarpum, H. suffruticosum, H. tenuifolium, H. virgatum, H. ×mitchellianum
H. adpressum, H. anagalloides, H. apocynifolium, H. ascyron, H. boreale, H. brachyphyllum, H. buckleyi, H. canadense, H. canariense, H. chapmanii, H. cistifolium, H. concinnum, H. crux-andreae, H. cumulicola, H. denticulatum, H. dolabriforme, H. drummondii, H. edisonianum, H. ellipticum, H. erythreae, H. fasciculatum, H. frondosum, H. galioides, H. gentianoides, H. graveolens, H. gymnanthum, H. harperi, H. hypericoides, H. kalmianum, H. lissophloeus, H. lloydii, H. lobocarpum, H. maculatum, H. majus, H. microsepalum, H. mutilum, H. myrtifolium, H. nitidum, H. nudiflorum, H. paucifolium, H. perforatum, H. prolificum, H. pseudomaculatum, H. punctatum, H. radfordiorum, H. scouleri, H. setosum, H. sphaerocarpum, H. suffruticosum, H. tenuifolium, H. tetrapetalum, H. virgatum, H. ×mitchellianum
Synonyms Ascyrum amplexicaule, A. cubense, A. tetrapetalum H. glomeratum, H. interior, H. nothum, H. prolificum var. densiflorum
Name authority Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 153. (1797) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 376. (1813)
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