Hypericum tetrapetalum |
Hypericum ×mitchellianum |
|
---|---|---|
fourpetal St. Johnswort |
Blue Ridge St. John's wort |
|
Habit | Herbs (perennial) or shrubs, erect, with woody base, usually unbranched, sometimes with divaricate or ascending branches, 2–10 dm. | Herbs erect, with rooting, creeping base, 2–6.5 dm. |
Stems | internodes (2–)4-lined at first, then 2-lined to terete. |
internodes usually 2-lined, sometimes 4-lined or not lined, with black glands scattered on and near lines or all over. |
Leaves | blades oblong-ovate to ovate or triangular-ovate, 5–35 × 4–15 mm, base articulated, cordate-amplexicaul, margins subrecurved, apex apiculate or obtuse to rounded, midrib with 1 pair of branches. |
spreading, usually sessile, rarely petiolate (to 0.8 mm); blade ovate-oblong to oblong or elliptic, 30–42(–52) × 8–22 mm, base subcordate to rounded, margins plane, apex usually rounded, rarely obtuse or subretuse, midrib with 4–5 pairs of branches, tertiary veins densely reticulate toward margins, black glands intramarginal (dense) and laminar (scattered). |
Inflorescences | terminal, 1(–3)-flowered, branching from apical node pseudodichotomous, sometimes with relatively short branches from to 3 proximal nodes. |
corymbiform to broadly pyramidal, (5–)13–61(–124)-flowered, subsidiary branches narrowly ascending or curved-ascending. |
Flowers | 20–30 mm diam.; sepals persistent, enclosing capsule, 4, unequal, outer broadly ovate, 7–15 × 5.5–10 mm, apex subapiculate to obtuse, inner narrowly lanceolate, 7–15 × 2–3 mm, apex acute; petals 4, bright yellow, obovate-oblong, 10–15 mm; stamens persistent, 100; ovary 3-merous. |
15–20 mm diam.; sepals not imbricate, erect in fruit, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or elliptic, subequal, (3–)3.6–4.6(–5.5) × 1–2 mm, apex acute to obtuse; petals golden yellow, narrowly obovate or oblanceolate to elliptic, 6–11 mm; stamens (37–)42–56(–62); anther gland black; styles 1.5–5 mm. |
Capsules | broadly ellipsoid-ovoid to subglobose, 5–6 × 3.5–4 mm. |
ellipsoid to subglobose, 3–7 × 3–4.5 mm, with longitudinal vittae. |
Seeds | not carinate, 0.7 mm; testa shallowly scalariform. |
not carinate, 0.7–0.9 mm; testa not seen. |
2n | = 18. |
= 16. |
Hypericum tetrapetalum |
Hypericum ×mitchellianum |
|
Phenology | Flowering winter–spring (Jan–Apr), late summer (Jul–Sep). | Flowering summer (Jun–Aug). |
Habitat | Moist, low pinelands, ditches | Open or partly shaded, moist habitats, dry, rocky roadside banks |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 1100–1700 m (3600–5600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; West Indies (w Cuba)
|
NC; TN; VA |
Discussion | Hypericum tetrapetalum differs from H. crux-andreae in having broader leaves with strongly cordate-amplexicaul bases and, nearly always, by terminal pseudodichotomous inflorescences. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hypericum ×mitchellianum is intermediate in all characters between H. graveolens and H. punctatum and, like the latter, produces a ring of 16 chromosomes at meiosis (D. E. Culwell 1970). Culwell has shown that it hybridizes with H. graveolens in the field and that these species can be crossed artificially. He apparently never suspected that H. mitchellianum could itself be a hybrid. Its intermediate morphology and breeding behavior, together with a distribution almost wholly within that of H. graveolens, suggests strongly that H. mitchellianum is the hybrid H. graveolens × punctatum, which apparently arose when the area of H. punctatum extended into that of H. graveolens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 86. | FNA vol. 6, p. 101. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ascyrum amplexicaule, A. cubense, A. tetrapetalum | |
Name authority | Lamarck: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 4: 153. (1797) | Rydberg: Torreya 27: 84, plate 2, figs. 1 – 6. (1927) |
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