Hypericum sect. Myriandra
Hypericum buckleyi
mountain St. John's wort
internodes 4-lined.
deciduous (base articulated) or persistent (base not articulated).
blades oblong or elliptic to obovate, 4–25 × 2–12 mm, base not articulated, cuneate, margins plane, apex rounded, midrib with 2–4 pairs of branches.
1(–5)-flowered.
7–45 mm diam.;
sepals deciduous or persistent, (2–)4–5;
petals deciduous, (3–)4–5;
stamens usually persistent, sometimes deciduous, 30–650, in continuous ring or in 4–5 barely discernable fascicles, each of 1–2 stamens;
ovary 2–5-merous;
placentation incompletely axile to parietal;
styles ± appressed, bases distinct;
stigmas minute.
20–25 mm diam.;
sepals persistent, not enclosing capsule, 5, broadly elliptic to elliptic-spatulate or obovate, subequal, 4–5 × 2.5–3 mm;
petals 5, golden yellow, oblanceolate, 6–10.5 mm;
stamens persistent, 100;
ovary 3-merous.
ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, 8–12 × 5 mm.
± carinate or not.
narrowly to broadly carinate, 1.5–2 mm;
testa finely foveolate-reticulate.
Hypericum sect. Myriandra
Hypericum buckleyi
e North America; e Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas, Greater Antilles); Bermuda; Central America (Belize)
GA; NC; SC
Species 29 (28 in the flora).
Hypericum limosum Grisebach is endemic to western Cuba.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Hypericum buckleyi is found throughout the southern Appalachian Mountains.
The decumbent habit and persistent sepals and stamens distinguish Hypericum buckleyi from its nearest relative, H. prolificum.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Sepals enclosing capsule, (2–)4, unequal (outer pair larger) [subsect. Ascyrum] | → 2 |
1. Sepals not enclosing capsule, usually 5, if 3 or 4, usually subequal | → 6 |
2. Stamens 30–50; ovaries 2-merous | → 3 |
2. Stamens 70–100; ovaries 3(4)-merous | → 4 |
3. Leaf bases without glandlike auricles; inflorescences 1-flowered, pedicels mostly recurved to reflexed in fruit, bracteoles proximal. | H. suffruticosum |
3. Leaf bases with glandlike auricles; inflorescences 1–12-flowered, pedicels erect in fruit, bracteoles distal. | H. hypericoides |
4. Leaf bases cordate-amplexicaul; inflorescences terminal, branching (at apical node) pseudodichotomous | H. tetrapetalum |
4. Leaf bases usually cuneate to subrounded, rarely rounded to slightly subcordate-amplexicaul; inflorescences from 1–4 nodes, branching dichasial or pseudodichotomous | → 5 |
5. Leaves: bases without glandlike auricles, margins plane to subrecurved; inflorescences 1–3(–7)-flowered, branching dichasial; outer sepals: apices apiculate or obtuse to rounded | H. crux-andreae |
5. Leaves: bases with glandlike auricles, margins subrecurved to subincrassate; inflorescences 1-flowered, branching pseudodichotomous; outer sepals: apices acute to subacuminate | H. edisonianum |
6. Leaves: bases usually not articulated, if articulated (22. H. myrtifolium), subcordate-amplexicaul; stamens (all or some) usually persistent (deciduous in H. apocynifolium, H. myrtifolium, and H. dolabriforme) | → 7 |
6. Leaves: base articulated, not amplexicaul; stamens deciduous [subsect. Centrosperma] | → 16 |
7. Shrubs, decumbent, mat-forming, wiry; inflorescences 1(–5)-flowered [subsect. Pseudobrathydium]. | H. buckleyi |
7. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs, erect to ascending or decumbent, not mat-forming, not wiry; inflorescences (1–)3–70-flowered | → 8 |
8. Inflorescences widely branched; stamens 120–200 [subsect. Brathydium] | → 9 |
8. Inflorescences narrowly branched; stamens 30–95 [subsect. Suturosperma] | → 10 |
9. Shrubs, erect, unbranched or branched distally, bark corky; leaf blades oblong-ovate to triangular-lanceolate, (5–)7–20 mm wide, bases articulated, subcordate-amplexicaul. | H. myrtifolium |
9. Subshrubs, decumbent, ± branching, bark not corky (thin); leaf blades linear-elliptic or linear-oblong to linear, 3–5 mm wide, bases not articulated, narrowly cuneate to rounded. | H. dolabriforme |
10. Leaf blades (7–)10–25 mm wide; sepals deciduous or tardily deciduous; placentation incompletely axile | → 11 |
10. Leaf blades 1–10(–15) mm wide; sepals persistent; placentation parietal | → 12 |
11. Inflorescences terminal, (1–)3–5(–8)-flowered; sepals tardily deciduous, 1.5–2.3 mm wide; capsules 6–15 × 4.5–8 mm. | H. apocynifolium |
11. Inflorescences from 1–3 nodes, the terminal 7–45-flowered; sepals deciduous, 1–1.5 mm wide; capsules 3.5–7 × 3–5 mm. | H. nudiflorum |
12. Shrubs; leaf blades 1–3 mm wide; inflorescences 1–3-flowered; sepals (3–)4(–5). | H. microsepalum |
12. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs; leaf blades (1–)3–15 mm wide; inflorescences usually 7–70-flowered, if flowers 1–6, herbs; sepals usually 5 | → 13 |
13. Shrubs; capsules ovoid-cylindric to broadly ovoid. | H. cistifolium |
13. Herbs or subshrubs; capsules usually broadly ovoid to depressed-globose, if ovoid-ellipsoid to ellipsoid or globose, rhizomatous herbs | → 14 |
14. Herbs or subshrubs, not or rarely rhizomatous; capsules broadly ovoid to depressed-globose; seeds 2–2.7 mm. | H. sphaerocarpum |
14. Herbs, rhizomatous; capsules ellipsoid to ovoid-ellipsoid or globose; seeds 0.6–0.7 mm | → 15 |
15. Herbs, 2–8 dm, relatively stout; leaf blades narrowly oblong or linear to lanceolate or narrowly elliptic. | H. adpressum |
15. Herbs, 1–3(–5) dm, relatively slender; leaf blades elliptic or oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic. | H. ellipticum |
16. Leaf blades usually elliptic, lanceolate, linear, oblanceolate, or oblong, (1–)3–22 mm wide; sepals usually elliptic, linear, oblanceolate, oblong, obovate, ovate, or spatulate | → 17 |
17. Inflorescences usually 1–3(–7+)-flowered from apical node, sometimes with single flowers at 1(–2) proximal nodes | → 18 |
17. Inflorescences usually (1–)3–25-flowered from apical node, sometimes with triads, dichasia, or flowering branches from 1–4 proximal nodes | → 19 |
18. Shrubs (6–)10–30 dm; leaf blades 8–22 mm wide, margins plane or subrecurved; sepals 4–10 mm wide; ovaries 3-merous. | H. frondosum |
18. Shrubs (1.4–)2–6(–10) dm; leaf blades 3–7(–10) mm wide, margins subrecurved to revolute; sepals 1.5–5 mm wide; ovaries (3–)5(–6)-merous. | H. kalmianum |
19. Stem internodes 4- or 6-lined at first; inflorescences cylindric or broadly to narrowly elongate-cylindric with 1–5(–7)-flowered lateral dichasia proximally; internodes 4-lined at first and capsules 7–13 mm or internodes 6-lined at first and capsules 4.5–6 mm | → 20 |
19. Stem internodes 4-lined at first; inflorescences shortly and broadly pyramidal or broadly cylindric to globose-cylindric, or obpyramidal with (2–)5–15-flowered lateral dichasia proximally; capsules 5–7 mm | → 21 |
20. Leaf blades 30–70 mm, narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate; flowers 15–30 mm diam.; placentation incompletely axile; capsules 7–13 mm; seeds 1.5–2 mm. | H. prolificum |
20. Leaf blades 15–32(–37) mm, narrowly oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate to linear; flowers 9–14 mm diam.; placentation parietal; capsules 4.5–6 mm; seeds 0.7–0.8 mm. | H. galioides |
21. Sepals: basal veins 3–7; ovaries (3–)4–5-merous; capsules notably lobed. | H. lobocarpum |
21. Sepals: basal veins 1–3; ovaries 3–4(–5)-merous; capsules not or scarcely lobed. | H. densiflorum |
22. Shrubs, erect, 3–45 dm | → 24 |
23. Leaf blades 13–25 mm; sepals (3–)4.5–7 mm. | H. lloydii |
23. Leaf blades 4–11 mm; sepals 2–4 mm. | H. tenuifolium |
24. Capsules usually cylindric, rarely narrowly conic or ovoid-conic; bark smooth, not metallic-silvery | → 25 |
24. Capsules ± narrowly ovoid-conic or pyramidal-ovoid to ovoid or ellipsoid; bark smooth and metallic-silvery or corky to spongy | → 26 |
25. Leaves 9–26 mm; styles shorter than ovaries; capsules (4.5–)5–7 mm. | H. nitidum |
25. Leaves 6–12 mm; styles longer than ovaries; capsules 3.5–5 mm. | H. brachyphyllum |
26. Bark smooth and metallic-silvery, exfoliating in thin, curled plates; styles 5 mm; seeds 1–1.6 mm; young stems, leaves, and sepals glaucous. | H. lissophloeus |
26. Bark corky to spongy, exfoliating in thin, papery sheets or plates; styles 2.5–4 mm; seeds 0.4–0.8 mm; young stems, leaves, and sepals not glaucous | → 27 |
27. Stems: internodes 6-lined at first, soon 2-winged, then terete; bark smooth; terminal inflorescence (3–)7–32-flowered. | H. fasciculatum |
27. Stems: internodes 4-lined at first, soon 4-angled, then terete; bark striate; terminal inflorescence 1–3-flowered. | H. chapmanii |
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